MR. C. B. CLARKE ON THE FERNS. OF NORTHERN. INDIA. 54L 
to N. exaltata. I. can find no tangible difference in the base of the: pinnæ which 
Mr. Bentham gives as the leading distinction. The favourite locality for A. cordifolia 
is a wet rock, when it usually produces tubers, and is easily recognized. 
2. N. EXALTATA, Schott; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. 152. Rhizome abbreviated; pinnæ nar- 
rowly-oblong acuminate, truncate and auricled at the base, often acutely serrate 
towards the apex ; sori marginal.—Bedd. Ferns. South. Ind. t. 93; Hk. & Baker, 
Syn. Fil. 801. Aspidiwn exaltatum, Wall. Cat. 1031, partly; Schk. Krypt. Gew. 
t. 32 B ; Blume, Enum. Pl. Jav. Fil. 146; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii. 754. 4. hirsutulum, 
Schk. Krypt. Gew: t. 33; Blume, Enum. Pl. Jav. Fil. 146. .4. Schkuhrii, Blume, 
Enum. Pl. Jav. Fil. 147. A. sublanoswm, Wall. Cat. 365. A. pilosum, Langsd. & 
Fisch. Voy. Russ. 14, t. 16. Polypodium exaltatum, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1548. 
East Bengal, from Assam to Chittagong ; alt. 0-1000 feet, frequent.—Distrib. South 
India, Ceylon, Burma, Malaya ; and the tropics nearly of the whole world. e 
Usually larger than A. cordifolia, the pinne commonly 2-4 in. long. Main rhachis, 
and sometimes the frond beneath, hairy ; texture usually firm; venation not prominent. 
Involueres less hippocrepiform than in N. cordifolia. 
3. N. voLUBILIS, J. Smith, in Herb. Hook. f. & Thoms. Rhizome climbing 25-50 feet 
high over trees, with adpressed chestnut scales on the short lateral distant spurs, 
whence spring clusters of stipes; pinnze obtuse or not very acute; venation and 
sori much as in N. exaltata—Aspidium exaltatum, Wall. Cat. 1031 partly, marked 
vic exaltatum by Wallich. Lindsaya lanuginosa, Wall. Cat. 154. (Pl. LXXVIII.) 
` Sylhet Station and Chittagong ; Hook. ^ e T. Thoms. ; - B. — —Distrib. pt 
Borneo. 
Considered a variety of N. exaltata in Hk. & Baker, Syn. Fil. 301; but with the 
arrival of more material Mr. Baker inclines to admit it as a good species. The two 
grow together plentifully in Sylhet Station, but are there easily distinguished. 
4. N. ACUTA, Presl; Hook..Sp. Fil. iv. 153. Rhizome abbreviated; frond large, often 
8 feet long, thin, green, the venation prominent; pinnz often 4-6 by 3 in.; sori 
i in. from the margin.—Carr. in Fl. Viti. 361; Bedd. Ferns South. Ind. t. 94; 
Hk. & Baker, Syn. Fil. 301. - Aspidium acutum, Swartz; Schk. Krypt. Gew. t. 31. 
A. splendens, Willd. ; Blume, Enum. Pl. Jav. Fil. 147. 
Chittagong Hills ; alt. 0-1000 feet, C. B. Clarke.—Distrib. Ceylon ?, Malaya, ?olypesin, 
Tropical Africa. 
` Hardly distinguishable from N. exaltata but by its larger size and thin texture; the 
área is eonsequently very doubtful. 
91. OLEANDRA, Cay. 
1. O. NERIIFORMIS, Cav.; Hook. Fil. Exot. t. 58. Scales adpressed towards the ex- 
 tremities of the rhizome ; u—- whorled, 0-1 in.; frond glabrous or nearly so; sori 
