592 MR. C. B. CLARKE ON THE FERNS OF NORTHERN INDIA. 
Lycopod. 81. L. vulcanicum, Blume, Enum. Pl. Jav. Fil. 266; Rumph. Herb. Amb. 
vi. t. 40. fig. 1; Rheede, Hort. Mal. xii. t. 39. 
East Bengal, common; from the sea to the mountains, ascending to 5000 feet alt.— 
Distrib. Throughout the tropics of the globe. 
Var. sikkimensis, (sp.) K. Muell. in Bot. Zeit. 1861, 164. Stem hairy; leaves hair- 
pointed. 
Sikkim, Khasia, Chittagong.—Main stem with approximate imbricate leaves, mostly 
deflexed in the lówer part of the stem. 
7. L. ANNOTINUM, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1566. Stem elongate, procumbent ; leaves linear, rigid, 
scarcely acute, midrib obscure, margin entire; catkins solitary, sessile or short- 
peduneled ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute, scarcely hair-pointed, little serrate on the 
margin.—Sehk. Krypt. Gew. t. 162; Engl. Bot. t. 1727; Hook. Brit. Ferns, t. 50; 
Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. 77 ; Milde, Fil. Europ. 252. 
Sikkim ; Lachen, alt. 11,000-14,000 feet, J. D. Hooker; Laghep, alt. 12,000 feet, 
C. .B. Clarke.—Distrib. North Europe, Asia, and America. 
The Sikkim plant differs from the Linnean type, in that the catkins are generally 
peduncled, the peduncles attaining ll in.; the leaves are very entire. But as the 
peduncles never carry more than one Gik it seems nearer Z. annotinum than any form 
of L. clavatum, and has been placed with L. annotinum. Here also is arranged Z. Hey- 
neanum, Wall. Cat. 132, from Malabar, which seems very like the Sikkim Z. annotinum. 
8. L. cuavatum, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1564. Stem elongate procumbent; leaves rigid, linear, 
acute, often hair-pointed, midrib obscure, margin subentire; peduncles long, often . 
carrying 2 (sometimes 2-8) catkins.—Schk. Krypt. Gew. t. 162; Engl. Bot. t. 224; 
Hook. Brit. Ferns, t. 49; Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. 77; Milde, Fil. Europ. 255; 
Benth, Fl. Austral. vii. 675. ZL. divaricatum, Wall. Cat. 131; Hk. & Grev. in Hook. 
Bot. Mise. ii. 377. L. trichiatum, Blume, Enum. Pl. Jav. Fil. 263. 
From Gurwhal to Bhotan, alt. 5000—10,000 feet, very common. Khasia, alt. 4000- — 
6000 feet, very common.—Distrib. South India, Ceylon, Malaya, Australia, Nos | 
Asia, Europe and America, South Africa, Andes. | 
The leaves on the main stems are scattered, but usually imbricate, i.e. the ak of 
one reaches as far as the base of the next. The Indian plant grows larger than the ` 
English ; the peduncles sometimes are 12 in. long, with several catkins, each 23-3 in. 
long.—The common Himalayan form has rigid incurved leaves, as on the Scotch moun- E 
tains. In Khasia the leaves are often thin, spreading, the whole plant more slender: - 3 
this is Z. divaricatum, Wall. In this Khasia plant also the leaves have sometimes - E 
extremely long hair-points, and the examples then coincide with the Javan specimens of 
L. trichiatum, Blume. | 
9. L. Pureomanta, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1564, Stems Jong, pendent from trees; leaves broad- 
lanceolate, often i in. broad, entire; catkins long, slender, moniliform, epeatedly 
