482 
OBSERVATIONS ON THE 
p, (betwix (S. betweox), 1707, 3096. 
ee 1212, 2172, 9348, 14247. 
bothe (S. bátwá, L. bade, bode, O. bape), 5895, 
6823. 
( eek, ek (S. eác, L. ec, eke), 5031, 5612, 5688, 
8818. 
4 eeke, eke, 4480, 5136, 6231, 7075, 7765, 11692, 
15786 (all rh. with seeke): 6373,7445, 15522, 
(all rh.with cheeke) : 16873 (rh. with breke). 
( evere, nevere, (S. L. efre, xfer, O. efre), 50, 
676, 1231, 1347, 1408. 
ever, never, 70, 1135, 1354, 2397, 2414; gen- 
erally contracted to a monosyllable. 
( her, heer (S. her, L. O. her, here), 6583, 6591, 
6595, 6624, 14346 f, ete. 
heere, 1821 f, 3774 f, 7730 f. 
ther (S. per, pere, para, L. O. per, pere), 313, 
323, 328, 4215, 9863, 9872, 10341. 
| there, 4956 f, 5222 f, 7650 f, 15037 f (less com- 
mon). 
wher (S. hwar, hwer, L. wher, where), 323, 
944, 9873, 10341, etc. 
| where, 4556, 7634 f, 9462 (less common). 
nouthe (S. nu pá, L. nupe), 464 f. 
ofte (S. oft; but Gothic ufta, Dan. ofte, L. ofte, 
O. offte), 1269, 9541. 
ofte-tyme, 52, 358 ; ofte-tymes, 1314. 
oft-sithe, 1879 ; ofte sithes, 487 (S. oft-sid? 
O. offte sipe). à 
selde (S. seld, L. selde), 10125, 8308 f. 
soone (S. sona, O. sone), 15769. 
eft-soone, 16082 f; eft-sones, 6390. 
f thanne — tunc (S. ponne, penne, panne, pon, 
pan, L. O. panne, pan(n)), 1655, 13987, 
15404, 16762, 16988 ; thenne, 13121 f. 
than, 640, 3052; thanné, 12, 638, 2936, 2937, 
2938, 7722. 
| whanne (S. hwonne, hwenne, hwanne, L. whan- 
nen, whone, etc., O. whanne, whann), 11718, 
14695. 
| whan, 1, 5, 762, 782, 803, 824, 915, 3054, 3055. 
thenne* — inde (S. thanan, thanone), 6723 f. 
í therefore (S.? L. perforen, perfore, O. pzerfore), 
3506 f, 8085 f, 8188 f, 9023; therfor, 7374, 
10571, 10647. 
| wherfóre, 13631 f. 
tille (S. tille, til, O. till), 10811 f; til, 10838. 
ynowe (S. genoh, L. inoh, inowe, O. inoh), 12788 f. 
welle (S. wela, wel), 1663 f, should probably 
LANGUAGE OF CHAUCER. 
be dwelle, as in Tyrwhitt ; but welle, wele, occur 
in Layamon, and wel is rh. with I fel (which 
possibly should be I fele), 2233. 
$ 73. The following Particles, of various termina- 
tions in Anglo-Saxon, have in Chaucer the termina- 
tion -es, =S. 
( ageyn (S. ongean, ágean, togeanes, L. azzein, azein- 
es, azenest, O. onnzen, onnzzeness), 66, 4812. ; 
i agens, ageins, 1511, 8046, 8787, 10371; agaynes, 
10199. 
agenst, ageinst, 8196, 13597. 
algates, 7096, 7393, 13024; algate, algaté, 573, 7619 ; 
àlgat (?), 14422. 
amonges (S. gemang, L. imong, amang, O. amang), 
9902, 14639 ; among, 6534. 
amyddes (S. -middan, -middes, L. amidde, amidden), 
2011, 10723, 16215; in the middes (of), 16534. 
bysides (S. be sidan), 13344. 
elles (S. elles, L. zlles, O. elles), 1230, 9410, 11209. 
( hennes, hens (S. heonan, heonane, L. heonene, 
henne, hinnes), 10972, 14102. 
thennes (S. panon, panone, L. ponnen, panene), 
4930, 5463, 10640, 10641. 
whennes (S. hwanan, hwana, L. whannen, whone), 
| 12175, 18750; whens, 8464. 
needes (S. neáde, nefides, L. neode, O. nede), 1171, 
7887, 10179, 13127, 16720. 
ones (S. âne, L. ene, nes, O. seness), 7259, 15767. 
E syns, sins (S. sidpan, sidpa), 6551, 8047, 
9341, 9396, 14284, 14822. 
syn, sin, 10181, 12226. 
thries (S. priga, priwa, L. prie, prien, pries, O. priz- 
zess), 63, 564, 14953. 
togideres (S. tó-gedere), L. togadere, togaderes, O. 
togeddre), 14117. 
towardes (S. tó-weardes, L. towardes, toward, O. to- 
warrd), 11883, 14121; toward, 13534, 14220. 
twyes (S. twiwa, twigges, L. twie, twien, twi, O. 
twizzes), 4346, 5478, 14958. 
unnethes (S. un-eápe, L. unæðe, O. unnzepe, see $ 69), 
5976, 11048. 
whiles (S. pá hwile, O. whil), 6352, 13067, 13854, 
15047 ; whils, 13065. 
whil, 1362, 6350. 
now-on-dayes occurs,13324. Other genitives used 
as adverbs are, his thonkes, here thonkes (S. his 
pances, hira pances), 1628, 2109, 2116, iii. 186; 
his willes, 5854. 
