84 Salmonidae 



dling fish. The following experiments have been tried, accord- 

 ing to Mr. Davis: 



In March, 1896, 5000 king-salmon fry were marked by 

 cutting off the adipose fin, then set free in the Clackamas River. 

 Nearly 400 of these marked fish are said to have been taken in 

 the Columbia in 1898, and a few more in 1899. In addition a 

 few were taken in 1898, 1899, and 1900 in the Sacramento 

 River, but in much less numbers than in the Columbia. In the 

 Columbia most were taken at the mouth of the river, where 

 nearly all of the fishing was done, but a few were in the original 

 stream, the Clackamas. It is stated that the fry thus set free 

 in the Clackamas came from eggs obtained in the Sacramento 

 a matter which has, however, no bearing on the present case. 



In the Kalama hatchery on the Columbia River, Washing- 

 ton, 2000 fry of the quinnat or king-salmon were marked in 

 1899 by a V-shaped notch in the caudal fin. Numerous fishes 

 thus marked were taken in the lower Columbia in 1901 and 1902. 

 A few were taken at the Kalama hatchery, but some also at the 

 hatcheries on Wind River and Clackamas River. At the 

 hatchery on Chehalis River six or seven were taken, the stream 

 not being a tributary of the Columbia, but flowing into Shoal- 

 water Bay. None were noticed in the Sacramento. The evi- 

 dence shows that the most who are hatched in a large stream 

 tend to return to it, and that in general most salmon return 

 to the parent region. There is no evidence that a salmon hatched 

 in one branch of a river tends to return there rather than to 

 any other. Experiments of Messrs. Rutter and Spaulding in 

 marking adult fish at Karluk would indicate that they roam 

 rather widely about the island before spawning. An adult 

 spawning fish, marked and set free at Karluk, was taken soon 

 after on the opposite side of the island of Kadiak. 



The introduction of salmon into new streams may throw 

 some light on this question. In 1897 and 1898 3,000,000 young 

 quinnat-salmon fry were set free in Papermill Creek near Olema, 

 California. This is a small stream flowing into the head of 

 Tomales Bay, and it had never previously had a run of salmon. 

 In 1900, and especially in 1901, large quinnat salmon appeared 

 in considerable numbers in this stream. One specimen weigh- 

 ing about sixteen pounds was sent to the present writer for 



