Series Ostariophysi 167 



the Mississippi Valley, and is notable for its nuptial tubercles 

 and the black and orange fins. 



In the negro-chub, Exoglossum maxillingua of the Pennsyl- 



FIG. 127. Stone-roller, Campostoma anomalwn (Rafinesque). Family Cyprinidce. 

 Showing nuptial tubercles and intestines coiled about the air-bladder. 



vanian district, the rami of the lower -jaw are united for their 

 whole length, looking like a projecting tongue. 



The fallfish, Semotilus corporalis, is the largest chub of the 

 Eastern rivers, 18 inches long, living in swift, clear rivers. It 

 is a soft fish, and according to 

 Thoreau "it tastes like brown 

 paper salted" when it is cooked. 

 Close to this is the horned dace, 

 Semotilus atromaculatus. and the /jfftt&J /^: ///' 



fl^BBBcWrv > /I ' ' r . 



horny head, Hybopsis kentucki- 

 ensis, both among the most widely 

 distributed of our river fishes. 

 These are all allied to the gudgeon 

 (Gobio gobio}, a common boys' fish 

 of the rivers of Europe, and much FlG - 128. Head of Day-chub, Exo- 



, .. , .. glossum maxillingua (Le Sueur). 



sought by anglers who can get shenandoah River, 

 nothing better. The bream, 



Abramis, represented by numerous species in Europe, has a deep 

 compressed body and a very long anal fin. It is also well repre- 

 sented in America, the golden shiner, common in Eastern and 

 Southern streams, being Abramis chrysoleucus. The bleak of 

 Europe (Alburnus alburnus) is a "shiner" close to some of our 

 species of Notropis, while the minnow of Europe, Phoxinus 

 phoxinus, resembles our gorgeously colored Chrosomus erythro- 



