Surmullets, Croakers, etc. 



357 



from Cape Ann southward, Menticirrhus americanus is the 

 equally common sand-whiting of Carolina, and Menticirrhus 



FIG. 294. Yellow-fin Roncador, Umbrina sinaloce Scofield. Mazatlan. 



littoralis the surf-whiting. The California whiting or sand- 

 sucker is Menticirrhus undulatus. 



Pogonias chromis, the sea-drum, has barbels on the chin and 

 the lower pharyngeals are enlarged and united as in the river- 



FIG. 295. Kingfish, Menticirrhus americanus (Linnaeus). Pensacola. 



drum, Aplodinotus. It is a coarse fish common on our Atlantic 

 coasts, a large specimen taken at St. Augustine weighing 146 

 pounds. Other species of this family, belonging to the genus 

 Eques, are marked with ribbon-like stripes of black. Eques 

 lanceolatus, known in Cuba as serrana, is the most ornate of these 

 species, looking like a butterfly-fish or chaetodon. 



Several fossil fragments have been doubtfully referred to 

 Scicsna, Umbrina, Pogonias, and other genera. Otoliths or 



