APPENDIX. 323 



RALEIGH, SIR WALTER (1552-1618) [56], an English states- 

 man and navigator, son of Walter Raleigh (1496-1581). 



RANKINE, WILLIAM JOHN MACQUORN (1820-1872), an 

 English physicist and engineer, son of David Rankine, an engineer. 



RAPHAEL (1483-1520) [32?], an Italian painter, son of Gio- 

 vanni Santi, a painter of repute who belonged to a family of artists. 

 He was an orphan at n, his mother dying three years earlier. For 

 many years before Raphael's birth, Urbino, his birthplace, was one of 

 the chief centers of artistic activity. 



READE, CHARLES (1814-1884), an English novelist. 



REAUMUR, RENE ANTOINE FERCHAULT DE (1683- 

 1757), a French natural philosopher and inventor. 



REDFIELD, JAMES WAKEMAN (1816-1893) [47], an Ameri- 

 can physiognomist, youngest son of Theophilus Redfield (1769-1853) 

 [34], who was son of Capt. James Redfield (1735-1788) [53], who was 

 son of Theophilus Redfield (1682-1759). 



REGNAULT, HENRI VICTOR (1810-1878), a French physicist. 

 His son Henri [33], was a painter. 



REICHENBACH, KARL (1788-1869), a German naturalist. 



REMBRANDT VAN RYN, PAUL HARMENS (1607-1669) 

 [40], a Dutch painter, son of a miller. His mother was 35. 



RENAN, JOSEPH ERNEST (1823-1892), a French orientalist 

 and critic. Had a brother 14 years older. 



REYNOLDS, SIR JOSHUA (1723-1792) [42], an English paint- 

 er, son of Rev. Samuel Reynolds (1681-1746), who was son of Rev. 

 John Reynolds. 



RICHELIEU, ARMAND JEAN DUPLESSIS (1585-1642) [37], 

 a French cardinal and statesman, younger son of Francois Richelieu 

 (1548-1590). 



RICHTER, JOHANN FRIEDRICH (Jean Paul) (1763-1825), 

 a German author. 



RIENZI, NICOLA GABRINI (1312-1354), "the last of the 

 Roman tribunes." 



