CONTENTS 



PAGE 

 PREFACE vii 



CHAPTER I 



HISTORICAL SKETCH 1 



The discovery of the cell Preformation and epigenesis Early theories of 

 cell-formation Early observations on the cell contents The foundation 

 of the cell theory Elaboration of the cell theory The protoplasm doctrine 

 The new conception of the cell Fertilization and embryogeny The be- 

 ginning of the modern period in cytology Bibliography 1. 



CHAPTER II 



PRELIMINARY DESCRIPTION OF THE CELL 23 



Description of the cell The differentiation of cells Bibliography 2. 



CHAPTER III 



PROTOPLASM 32 



Physical properties Protoplasm as a colloidal system Microdissection 

 Chemical nature of protoplasm Varieties of protoplasm The plasma 

 membrane Protoplasmic connections Vacuoles Protoplasm as the sub- 

 stratum of life Micromeric theories Chemical theories Conclusion 

 Bibliography 3. 



CHAPTER IV 



THE NUCLEUS 59 



Occurrence General characters Nucleoplasmic ratio Structure of nucleus 

 Nuclei of bacteria and other protista The function of the nucleus 

 Bibliography 4. 



CHAPTER V 



THE CENTROSOME AND THE BLEPHAROPLAST 76 



The centrosome Occurrence and general characters Individuality 

 Centrosomes in Algae Fungi Bryophytes Conclusion The blepharo- 

 plast Occurrence In flagellates In thallophytes In byrophytes In 

 pteridophytes In gymnosperms In animals Conclusion Bibliography 5. 



CHAPTER VI 



PLASTIDS AND CHONDRIOSOMES 103 



Plastids General nature and occurrence Leucoplasts Chromatophores 

 Starch The pyrenoid Elaioplasts and oil bodies The eyespot The 

 individuality of the plastid Chondriosomes General nature and occur- 

 rence Physico-chemical nature Origin and multiplication Function 

 Relation of chondriosomes to plastids Conclusion Bibliography 6. 



CHAPTER VII 



METAPLASM; POLARITY 133 



Metaplasm Extruded chromatin The senescence of the cell Polarity 

 Metabolic gradient Bibliography 7. 



xi 



