116 ROSE FAMILY. 



I. ALMOND or PLUM FAMILY : consists of trees or 

 shrubs, with simple leaves, stipules free from the petiole (often 

 minute or early deciduous, so that there may appear to be none), 

 a calyx which is deciduous after flowering, and a single pistil, its 

 ovary tipped with a slender style ^Lessons, p. 103, fig. 213), con- 

 taining a pair of ovules, and becoming a simple drupe or stone fruit. 

 (Lessons, p. 128, fig. 285.) 



1. PRUNUS. Calyx with a bell-shaped or urn-shaped tube and 5 spreading lobes. 



Petals 5, and stamens 3-5 times as many, or indefinitely numerous, inserted 

 on the throat of the calyx. Flowers white or rose-color. 



II. ROSE FAMILY PROPER : consists of herbs or shrubs, 

 with stipules either free from or united with the base of the petiole, 

 calyx persisting below or around the fruit, which is composed of 

 sometimes one but commonly several or many distinct pistils. 



1. Calyx not with a fleshy tube or cup, nor closed over the fruit. 



# Ovaries about 5 (2 - 12), becoming little pods, several- (2 - 10-) seeded: calyx with 



only 5 or rarely 4 lobes. 



2. SPIRAEA. Shrubs or perennial herbs, with stipules sometimes minute or ob- 



solete, sometimes conspicuous, and white or rose-purple flowers. Calyx open 

 and short, mostly 5-cleft, not enclosing the pods. Petals equal, commonly 

 broad. Stamens 10-50. 



3. GILLENIA. Herbs, with nearly white flowers and almost sessile leaves of 3 



leaflets. Calyx narrow, oblong, 5-toothed, enclosing the 6 pistils (which at 

 first lightly cohere in a mass) and the little pods. Petals rather unequal, 

 lance-linear. Stamens 10 - 20, not projecting. 



# * Ovaries few or many, single-ovuled, becoming dry alcenes in fruit above the open 



and mostly spreading calyx : stamens numerous. 

 t- Pistils few, only 2-8. 



4. KERRIA. Shrub, with long green branches, simple and coarsely-toothed leaves, 



and yellow flowers terminating the branchlets of the season. Calyx with 6 

 some'what toothed large lobes. Petals broad. 



5. WALDSTEINIA. Low perennial herbs, with chiefly root-leaves, either lobed 



or compound, and a few yellow flowers on a short scape. Calyx with a top- 

 shaped tube and 5 spreading lobes, alternate with which are sometimes 

 6 minute teeth or bractlets. Petals obovate. Styles deciduous by a joint. 

 i- - Pistils numerous and heaped in a head: calyx (except in one Geum) augmented 



with additional outer lobes or bractlets alternating with the 5 proper lobes : 



leaves mostly compound. 



6. GEUM. Perennial herbs. Calyx with a bell-shaped, top-shaped, or hemispher- 



ical tube or cup. Akenes narrow, or tapering to the base, tipped with the 

 long persistent style, or the greater portion of it, in the form of a naked or 

 hairy tail. Seed erect. Receptacle dry, conical or cylindrical. 



7. POTENTILLA. Herbs, or one species 'shrubby. Calyx flat or widely open. 



Akenes small, on a dry receptacie,' from which they at length fall. 



8. FRAGARIA. Perennial low or stemless herbs, with runners; and leaves of 



3 leaflets. Calyx open, flat. Styles short and lateral. Akenes naked, small, 

 on the surface of an enlarged pulpy edible receptacle. (Lessons, p. 125, fig. 

 279, and p. 129, fig. 288.) 



# # * Ovaries several or many, 2-*rvuled, in fruit becoming fleshy or pulpy and 



l-seeded, forming a head o? % cluster above the flat or widely open simply 5-cleft 

 calyx : stamens numerous : styles short, naked, at length falling off. 



9. DALIBARDA. Very low perennial tufted herb, with simple rounded-heart- 



shaped or kidney-shaped root-leaves and 1 - 2-flowered scapes. Calyx of 6 

 or even 6 unequal sepals. Ovaries 5 - 10, in fruit merely fleshy, becoming 

 almost dry and bony. 



10. RUBUS. Perennial herbs or shrubby plants. Ovaries numerous, in fruit 

 pulpy (berry-like, or more properly drupe-like, the inner hard part answering 

 to the stone of a cherry or peach on a small scale), crowded on the dry or 

 fleshy receptacle. (Lessons, p. 129, fig. 289, 290.) 



