136 SAXIFRAGE FAMILY. 



* Flowers very small : stamens and styles protruding. 



H. Americana, COMMON A. : the only one N. and E. of Penn., has 

 scapes and loose panicle (2 -3 high) clammy-glandular and often hairy, 

 leaves with rounded lobes, and greenish flowers in early summer. 



H. villbsa, from Maryland and Kentucky S. along the upper country, is 

 lower, beset with soft often rusty hairs, has deepcr-lobed leaves, and very small 

 white or whitish flowers, later in summer. 



# # Flowers larger (the calyx fully 4' long), in a narrower panicle, greenish, with 



stamens little if at all protruding : leaves round and slightly 5 - 9-lobed. 



H. hispida. Mountains of Virginia and N. W. Tall (scape 2 -4 

 high), usually with spreading hairs ; stamens a little protruding. 



H. pubdscens. From S. Penn. S. Scapes (l-3 high) and petioles 

 roughish-glandular rather than pubescent ; stamens shorter than the lobes of 

 the calyx. 



9. BOYKINIA. (Named for the late Dr. Boykin, of Georgia.) % 



B. aconitifolia, occurs only along the Alleghanies from Virginia S. : 

 stem clammy-glandular, bearing 3 or 4 alternate palmately 5 - 7-cleft and cut 

 leaves and a cyme of rather small white flowers, in summer. There is one very 

 like it in Oregon and California. 



10. SAXIFRAGA, SAXIFRAGE. (Latin name, means rock-breaker; 

 many species rooting in the clefts of rocks.) Besides the following, there are 

 a number of rare or local wild species. 



# Wild species, with leaves all clustered at the perennial root, the naked scape 



clammy above and bearing many small flowers in a panicle or cyme, the two 

 ovaries united barely at the base, making at length a pair of nearly separate 

 divergent pods. 



S. Virginidnsis, EARLY S. On rocks and moist banks ; with obovate 

 or wedge-spatulate thickish more or less toothed leaves in an open cluster, scape 

 3' -9' high, bearing in early spring white flowers in a dense cluster, which 

 at length opens into a loose panicled cyme ; calyx not half the length of the 

 petals ; pods turning purple. 



S. Pennsylvanica, SWAMP S. In low wet ground N. ; with lance- 

 oblong or oblanceolate obtuse leaves (4' -8' long) obscurely toothed and nar- 

 rowed into a very short broad petiole, scape l-2 high, bearing small 

 greenish flowers in an oblong cluster, opening with age into a looser panicle (in 

 spring) ; the reflexed lobes of the calyx as long as the lance-linear petals. 



S. er6sa, LETTUCE S. Cold brooks, from Penn. S. along the Alle- 

 ghanies ; the lance-oblong obtuse leaves (8'- 12' long) sharply erosely toothed ; 

 scape l-3 high, bearing a loose panicle of slender-pedicelled small white 

 flowers (in summer) ; with reflexed sepals as long as the oval petals, and club- 

 shaped fl laments. 



# # Exotic species, cult, for ornament : leaves all clustered at the perennial root : 



ovaries 2, or sometimes 3-4, almost separate, becoming as many nearly dis- 

 tinct pods. 



S. crassifdlia, THICK-LEAVED S. Cult, from Siberia, very smooth, with 

 fleshy and creeping or prostrate rootstocks, sending up thick roundish-obovate 

 nearly evergreen leaves, 6' - 9' long, and scapes bearing an ample at first com- 

 pact cyme of large bright rose-colored flowers, in early spring. 



S. sarment6sa, BEEFSTEAK S., also called STRAWBERRY GERANIUM. 

 Cult, from China and Japan as a house-plant, not quite hardy N., rather hairy, 

 with rounded heart-shaped or kidney-shaped and doubly toothed leaves of fleshy 

 texture, purple underneath, green-veined or mottled with white above, on shaggy 

 petioles, from their axils sending off slender strawberry-like runners, by which 

 the plant is multiplied, and scapes bearing a light verv open panicle of irregular 

 flowers, with 3 of the petals small rose-pink and yellow-spotted, and 2 much 

 longer and nearly white ones lanceolate and hanging. 



