170 HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY. 



$ 3. Shrubs or some low trees, with small flowers in broad cymes, short and widely 

 open deeply 5-lobed regular corolla, 1-3 sessile stigmas, and berry-like fruit, 

 containing 1-3 seeds or rather seed-like stones. Culyx-teeth on the ovary very 

 short or obscure : stamens 5. 



6. VIBURNUM. Leaves simple. Fruit containing a single flat or flattish stone. 



7. SAMBUCUS. Leaves piunate, and the oblong or lanceolate leaflets serrate. 



Fruit containing 3 seeds or rather small seed-like stones. 



1. LINN^JA, TWIN-FLOWER. (Named for Linnceus.) Only one 

 species, 



L. borealis. Mossy woods and cold bogs N. : creeping stems bearing 

 round-oval and sparingly crenate somewhat hairy small leaves, and in early 

 summer the sweet-scented flowers ; corolla purple and whitish, hairy inside. 



2. TRIOSTEUM, FEVER WORT, HORSE-GENTIAN. (Greek for 

 three bones, from the 3 bony seeds or rather stones.) The root has been used 

 in medicine, and the seeds "for coffee. In rich soil : fl. early summer. 



T. perfoliatum, the common species, is softly hairy, 2 - 4 high, with 

 oval loaves abruptly narrowed tit base, and brownish-purple flowers. 



T. angUStil61ium, chiefly S., a smaller and bristly-hairy plant, with nar- 

 rower lanceolate leaves more tapering at base, and greenish or cream-colored 

 flowers. 



3. SYMPHORICARPUS. (Name from the Greek, denotes crowded 

 fruits.) Wild on rocky banks, especially W. & S., and cult, for the orna- 

 mental insipid berries. Flowers white or slightly rose-color, produced all 

 summer. 



S. racem6sus, SNOWBERRY. Clusters of flowers in interrupted leafy- 

 spikes (rather than racemes) terminating the branches ; berries snow-white, in 

 autumn. Common in gardens. 



S. vulgaris, CORAL-BERRY, INDIAN CURRANT. Short clusters of flowers 

 in the axils of most of the leaves ; berries small, dark red. 



4. LONICERA, HONEYSUCKLE, WOODBINE. (Named for an old 

 German herbalist, Lonitzer, latinized Lonicerus.) 



1. TRUE HONEYSUCKLES, with twining stems (in one wild species slightly so). 

 * Corolla with very long tube and 5 short almost regular lobes. 



L. sempervirens, TRUMPET H. Wild from New York S., and com- 

 monly cult. Leaves evergreen (as the name denotes) only at the S., thickish, 

 pale beneath, the lower oblong, the uppermost pairs united round the stem ; 

 flowers scentless, in spiked whorls, 2' long, scarlet with yellow inside (also 

 a yellow variety), produced all summer; berries red. 



* * Corolla strongly 2-lipped ; lower lip narroiv, upper one broad and 4-lobed. 

 -- The 2 to 4 uppermost pairs of leaves united round the stem in the form of an oval 

 or rounded disk or shallow cup, the flowers sessile in their axils, or partly in 

 leafless spiked whorls bfyond : berries red or orange. 



w- European Honeysuckles, cultivated for ornament : flowers purple and white or 

 turning yellowish inside, sweet-scented, in summer. 



L. Caprif61ium, COMMON EUROPEAN H., has leaves smooth on both 

 sides, and flowers usually only in early summer. 



L. EtrtlSCa, ITALIAN or PERPETUAL H., has the leaves downy beneath 

 and blunter, and flowers through the summer. 



* *-* Wild species, with flowers smooth and nearly scentless, except theflrst species, 

 in late spring or early summer: leaves smooth (except one variety] and 

 glaucous or whitish beneath. 



L. grata, SWEET WILD H. Wild in Middle States and S., sometimes 

 cult. : leaves obovate ; corolla white with a pink or purple slender tube, fading 

 yellowish, fragrant. 



