VERVAIN FAMILY. 241 



6. DIANTHERA. (From Greek for double anther, alluding to the two 



separated cells on each filament.) Fl. all summer. JJ. 



~D. OVata. Muddy banks of streams S. : 4' -8' high, smooth, with lance- 

 ovate short-petioled leaves longer than the 3-4-flowered peduncles in their 

 axils, and small pale purple flowers. 



D. Americana. Wet borders of streams : 2 high, smooth, with long 

 linear-lanceolate leaves, and long peduncles (4' -6' long) bearing an oblong 

 spike of pale purple flowers. 



78. VERBENACE-ffil, VERVAIN FAMILY. 



Plants with opposite (or sometimes whorled) leaves, differing 

 from the other orders with irregular monopetalous and didynamous 

 or tetrandrous flowers by the ovary not 4-lobed and with a single 

 ovule in each of its (1-4) cells, the fruit either fleshy or when 

 dry at length splitting into as many 1-celled indehiscent nutlets. 



Besides the following some species of CLERODENDRON are culti- 

 vated, in choice conservatories. 



$ 1. Flowers in heads, spikes, or racemes, the flowers expanding from below upwards. 



1. PHRYMA. Flowers in slender loose spikes. Calyx cylindrical, 2-lipped, the 



upper lip of 3 slender-pointed teeth, the lower short and 2-toothed. Corolla 

 tubular, 2-lipped, the upper lip notched, lower larger and 3-lobed. Stamens 

 included. Ovary 1-celled, forming a simple akene in the calyx. Herb. 



2. VERBENA. Flowers in spikes or heads. Calyx tubular or prismatic, 5-ribbed 



and plaited. Corolla salver-form, the tube often curved, the border rather 

 unequally 5-cleft. Stamens included: upper pair sometimes wanting the 

 anthers. Ovary 4-celled, at maturity splitting into 4 dry akenes or nutlets. 

 Herbs. 



3. LIP PI A. Flowers in heads, spikes, or racemes. Calyx tubular, 2-5-toothed. 



Corolla tubular, with 5-lobed 2-lipped border, the lower 3-lobed lip larger. 

 Stamens included. Ovary and dry fruit 2-celled, 2-seeded. 



4. LANTANA. Flowers in heads or short spikes. Calyx minute, obscurely 



4-toothed. Corolla with an unequal 4-cleft spreading border, the upper lobe 

 sometimes notched. Stamens included. Ovary 2-celled, becoming berry- 

 like, and containing 2 little stones or nutlets. Shrubs or herbs. 



2. Flowers nearly regular, in cymes from the axils of the simple leaves : shrubs. 

 6. GALLIC ARPA. Calyx 4 - 5-toothed, short. Corolla tubular-bell-shaped, short, 

 4 -5-lobed. Stame'ns 4, protruded, nearly equal. Ovary 4-celled, in fruit 

 berry-like, with 4 little stones. 



3. Flowers irregular, in cymes or clusters in the axils of the compound digitate 



leaves or of the upper leaves reduced to bracts: shrubs or trees. 

 6. VITEX. Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla tubular, with a spreading 2-lipped border, 

 the lower lip 3-parted and rather larger than the 2-lobed upper lip. Stamens 

 4, protruded, as is the style. Ovary 4-celled, becoming berry-like in the 

 fruit, which contains a single 4-celled' stone. 



1. PHRiTMA, LOPSEED. (Name of unknown meaning.) One species. 

 P. Leptostachya. Copses, &c. ; 2 -3 high, with coarsely-toothed ovate 



thin leaves, and branches terminated by the slender spikes of very small purplish 

 flowers, in summer, the pedicels reflexed in fruit. ^ 



2. VERBENA, VERVAIN. (Latin name of some sacred herbs.) Fl. all 

 summer. Genus of difficult analysis on account of numerous hybrids, both 

 wild and in cultivation. 



1. VERVAINS native to the country, or growing as wild weeds, mostly in waste 

 or cultivated ground ; the flowers insignificant, in slender spikes : no appen- 

 dage at tip of the anthers. All but the last with upright stems. 2/ 



V. angustifdlia, NARROW-LEAVED V. Stems 6' - 1 8' high ; leaves nar- 

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