814 PINE FAMILY. 



spurs or broad buds ; the sterile globular, yellow ; the fertile oval, crimson- 

 red, being the color of the bracts. 



Jj. Europsea, EUROPEAN LARCH, the one generally planted : a fine fast- 

 growing tree, with leaves about 1' long, and longer cones of numerous scales. 



L. Americana, AMERICAN L., TAMARACK or HACKMATACK. SAvamps 

 N. : slender tree with shorter and paler leaves, and small cones of few scales, 

 only ' or jf' long. 



4. CEDRUS, CEDAR, i. e. of Lebanon. ( Ancient Greek name. ) Wood 

 reddish, fragrant. Cult, for ornament, but precarious in this climate. 

 C. Libani, CEDAR OF LEBANON ; with dark foliage and stiff horizontal 



branches, the terminal shoot erect : not hardy E. of New York. 



C. Deodara, DEODAR C. of Himalayas ; with lighter drooping spray on 



young trees, and whitish foliage : seems unlikely to flourish in this country. 



6. CRYPTOMERIA. (Name, from the Greek, means concealed parts or 

 joints. ) Evergreen tree from Japan. 



C. Jap6nica, not hardy N. but often in conservatories ; leaves crowded, 

 awl-shaped, many-ranked, edgewise and decurrcnt on the stem. 



6. TAXODIUM, BALD-CYPRESS. (Name, from the Greek, means 

 Yew-like: the resemblance is only in the shape of the leaves.) Fl. before 

 the leaves, in earliest spring. 



T distichum, AMERICAN B. or SOUTHERN CYPRESS. Large tree in 

 swamps S., and planted, even N. : branchlcts slender, many of them falling in 

 autumn like leafstalks ; leaves light green, ' long, narrow-linear, 2-ranked, on 

 some flower-bearing shoots awl-shaped and imbricated ; cones 1' or less thick. 



7. SEQUOIA, REDWOOD. (Named for the Cherokee half-breed Indian 

 See-qua-yah, who invented an alphabet for his nation.) Very celebrated, 

 gigantic, Californian trees, with fibrous bark, not unlike that of Taxodium, 

 and soft, fissile, dull-red wood. Neither species te hardy in New England, 

 or safe in the Middle States ; but the second is disposed to stand. 



S. sempdrvirens, Common Redwood of the coast ranges of California ; 

 with flat and linear acute leaves 2-rankcd on the branches, but small awl-shaped 

 and scattered ones on the erect or leading shoots, and small globular cones 

 (barely 1' long). 



S. gigantea, GIANT REDWOOD (in England called WELLINGTONIA) of the 

 Sierra Nevada ; with all the leaves awl-shaped and distributed round the branch ; 

 cones ovoid, l^'-2' long. 



8. CUPRESSUS, CYPRESS. Classical name of the Oriental Cypress, 

 namely, 



C. semp6rv"irens, planted only far S. ; stiff narrow tree, with slender 

 erect branchlets, dark foliage, and cone 1' in diameter, each scale many-seeded. 



C. thujoides, WHITE CEDAR. Tree of low grounds S. & E., with white 

 Valuable wood, slender spray, and pale glaucous-green triangular-awl-shaped 

 leaves much finer than in Arbor Vitse ; cones hardly ' wide, with few seeds to 

 each scale, and these almost wingless. 



C. Lawsoniana, of N. California, recently much planted, and if fully hardy 

 promising to be very ornamental ; has thickly set and plume-like flat spray, of 

 bluish-green hue, and cones scarcely above \' in thickness, their scales bearing 

 2-4 ovules and ripening 2 or 3 seeds. 



C. pisifera, or RETINOSPORA PISIFERA (of which C. OBTUSA is seemingly 

 a form with the scale-shaped leaves blunter and cone larger), is a scarcely hardy 

 species, introduced from Japan, the cones only as large as peas (to which the 

 specific name refers), a single pair of broad-winged seeds to each scale. 



C. SQUarr6sa, or ERICO!DES, from Japan, is perfectly hardy N., perhaps 

 a variety of the last, but of strikingly different appearance^ bearing only loose 

 and awl-shaped leaves. 



