34 CROWFOOT FAMILY. 



$ 2. Sepals imbricated in the bud. Not climbing, nor woody except in 8 and one of 20. 



* Pistils and akenes several or many in a head, \-seeded. 



- Petals none: sepals petal-like. 



2. HEPATICA. Involucre close to the flower, exactly imitating a 3-leaved calyx. 



Sepals 6 or more, oblong, resembling petals. Pistils 12-20. Stemless low 

 perennials, with rounded 3-lobed leaves and 1-flowered scapes. 



3. ANEMONE. Involucre of 2 or more opposite or whorled green leaves much 



below the flower. Sepals 4-20. Pistils very many in a close head (or fewer 

 in one species), forming pointed or tailed akenes. 



4. THALICTRUM. Involucre none, and stem-leaves all alternate, except in one 



species intermediate between this genus and Anemone. Sepals 4 or more. 

 Pistils 4-15, forming several-angled or grooved akenes. Perennials, with 

 small flowers in panicles or umbels, most of them dioecious, and with 

 ternately compound or decompound leaves, 

 t- *- Petals and sepals both conspicuous, 5 or more. Akenes naked, short-pointed. 



5. ADONIS. Petals and sepals naked, no pit or appendage at the base. Akenes 



in a head or short spike. 



6. MYOSURUS. Sepals with a spur at the base undenieath. Petals on a slender 



claw, which is hollow at its apex. Akenes in a long tail-shaped spike. 



7. RANUNCULUS. Sepals naked. Petals with a little pit or a scale on the short 



claw. Akenes in a head. 



* * Pistils several, 2-ovul-ed, becoming 1 - 2-seeded pods or berries. 



8. ZANTHORHIZA. Sepals 5, deciduous after flowering. Petals 5, small, 



2-lobed, on a claw. Stamens 5-10. Little pods 1-seeded. Undershrnb, 

 with yellow wood and roots. 



9. HYDRASTIS. Sepals 3, falling when the flower opens. Petals none. Fruit 



berry-like. Low perennial. 



* * * Pistils several, few, or one, forming several-seeded pods or rarely berries. 

 *- Sepals (4 or 5) falling when the flower opens, petal-like. Petals minute, and with 

 claws, or none. Stamens numerous, white- Leaves ternatety decompound, 



10. ACTJJA. Pistil only one, becoming a berry. Flowers in a short and thick 



raceme or cluster. 



11. CIMICIFUGA. Pistils 1-8, becoming pods in fruit. Flowers in long racemes. 



- - Sepals not falling when the flower opens, in 15 and 20 persistent even till the 

 fruit matures, in all tiie others petal-like and deciduous. 

 +* Petals none at all: jlowers regular. 



12. CALTHA. Sepals 5-9. Pods several. Leaves simple and undivided, rounded. 

 + ** Petals 5 or more inconspicuous nectar-bearing bodies, very much smaller than 



the. sepals: flower regular. 



13. TROLLIUS. Sepals 5 -many. Petals with a little hollow near the base. 



Pods sessile. Leaves palmately parted and lobed. 



14. COPTIS. Sepals 6-7. Petals 'club-shaped and tubular at the top. Pods 



raised on slender stalks! Leaves with 3 leaflets. 



15. HELLEBORUS. Sepals 5, persistent, enlarging ahd turning green after flow- 



ering! Petals hollow and 2-lipped. Leaves palmatelv or pedately divided. 



16. NIGELLA. Sepals 5. Petals 2-lobed. Pods 3-5 or more united below into 



one ! Annuals, with finely dissected leaves. 

 .M. -M. ++ Petals large hollow spurs projecting between the sepals : flower regular. 



17. AQUILEGIA. Sepals 5. Pistils about 5, with slender styles, and forming 



narrow pods. Perennials, with ternately compound or decompound leaves. 

 **-* +* t-h Petals 2 or 4, much smaller than the 5 unequal sepals : i. e. the flower 

 irregular and unsymmetricaL Leaves palmately lobea or parted. Pods 1-5. 



18. DELPHINIUM. Upper sepal spurred; the spur enclosing the spurs of the 



upper pair of petals: lower pair of petals spurless or wanting. 



19. ACONITUM. Upper sepals in the form of a hood or helmet, covering the two 



v%ry long-clawed and peculiar little petals. 



** -w- -M- HH- *-* Petals large and flat, of ordinary shape. Sepals herbaceous and 

 persistent ! Flowers large, regular. 



20. PJ10NIA. A fleshy disk surrounds the base of the 2 or more pistils, which 



form leathery pods in fruit. Seeds large, rather fleshy-coated. Perennials, 

 with compound or decompound leaves : one species shrubby. 



