QUASSIA FAMILY. 83 



spring, preceding the leaves, either the sepals or petals wanting ; pistils 3-5 

 with slender styles ; the little pods about the size and shape of pepper-corns, 

 lemon-scented, 'raised from the receptacle on thickish stalks. 



Z. Carolinianum, SOUTHERN P. Sandy coast S. ; a small tree, the 

 bark armed with warty and the leafstalks with very slender prickles, smooth, 

 with 7-9 ovate or lance-ovate leaflets, and whitish flowers in a terminal cyme, 

 in early summer, later than the leaves, with the petals and sepals both present, 

 3 or 2 short-styled pistils, and pods not stalked. 



4. PTELEA, HOP-TREE. (The ancient Greek name for the Elm, from 

 the resemblance in the winged fruit.) 



P. trifoliata, THREE-LEAVED H. Rocky woods from Penn. S. & W. ; 

 a tall shrub or small tree, with ovate pointed leaflets, and a terminal cyme of 

 small greenish-white unpleasantly scented flowers, in early summer ; the orbic- 

 ular winged fruit bitter, used as a substitute for hops. 



5. SKIMMIA. (Skimmi is the name in Japan, from which country the 

 common species was recently introduced into ornamental cultivation.) 



S. Japonica, a low quite hardy shrub, smooth, with oblong and entire 

 bright-green evergreen leaves croAvded on the end of the branches, which in 

 spring are terminated with close panicle or cluster of small and white sweet- 

 scented flowers, of no beauty, but followed by bright red berries which last over 

 winter. 



6. CITRUS, CITRON, ORANGE, &c. (Ancient name for Citron.) Na- 

 tives of India, &c., cultivated with us only for ornament. Flowers white, 

 very sweet-scented, rather showy. The species or varieties are much con- 

 fused or mixed. 



C. VUlgaris, BITTER ORANGE, with broadly winged petiole ; fruit with a 

 thin roughish rind and acrid bitter pulp. 



C. Aurantium, SWEET ORANGE, with a very narrow wing or slight 

 margin to the petiole ; fruit globose, with a smooth and thin separable rind 

 and a sweet pulp. 



Var. myrtifblia, MYRTLE-LEAVED or CHINESE ORANGE, dwarf, with 

 small leaves (!' - 1^' long) and small fruit, depressed or sunken at the apex. 



C. Limoniuni, LEMON, with a narrow wing or margin to the petiole, 

 oblong and acute toothed leaves, petals commonly purplish outside, and fruit 

 ovoid-oblong, with adherent rind and a very acid pulp. 



C. Limetta, LIME, with wingless petiole, roundish or oval serrate leaves, 

 and globular fruit with a firm rind and sweetish pulp. 



C. Medica, CITRON (named from the country, Media), with wingless 

 petiole, oblong or oval acute leaves, petals purplish outside, and a large oblong 

 sweet-scented fruit with a very thick roughish adherent rind, and slightly acid 

 pulp. 



29. SIMARUBACE^I, QUASSIA FAMILY. 



May be regarded as Rutaceae without transparent dots in the 

 leaves ; here represented by a single tree, the 



1. AILANTHUS, CHINESE SUMACH or TREE-OF-HEAVEN. 



(Aitanto, a native name.) Flowers polygamous, small, greenish, in terminal 

 branched panicles, with 5 short sepals and 5 petals, 10 stamens in the sterile 

 flowers and feAv or none in the fertile ; the latter with 2 to 5 ovaries (their 

 styles lateral, united or soon separate), which in fruit become linear-oblong 

 thin and membranaceous veiny samaras or keys, like those of Ash on a 

 smaller scale, but 1 -seeded in the middle. 



A. glandulbsus, the only species known here, from China, is a common 

 shade-tree, tall, of rapid growth, with hard wood, very long pinnate leaves, and 

 many obliquely lanceolate entire or sparingly sinuate leaflets ; flowers in early 

 summer, the staminate very ill-scented. 



