LOOSESTRIFE FAMILY. 149 



46. MYRTACEJiJ, MYRTLE FAMILY. 



Trees or shrubs, with simple entire and mostly aromatic leaves 

 punctate with pellucid or resinous dots, no stipules, perfect flowers, 

 calyx-tube adherent to the ovary, its throat, or a disk bordering it, 

 bearing the petals and numerous stamens : style and stigma single. 

 A large family in the tropics and southern hemisphere, here com- 

 monly known only by a few house-plants, which may be briefly 

 noted as follows : 



1. M^Ttus commtinis, COMMON MYRTLE, from the Mediterranean 

 region : smooth, with ovate or lance-ovate opposite shining leaves, small in the 

 variety usually cultivated, peduncles in their axils bearing: a small white or 

 rose-tinged flower (sometimes full double), followed by a black berry, containing 

 several kidney-shaped seeds. 



2. Eugenia Jambos, ROSE- APPLE, from India : smooth, with opposite 

 shining long and lanceolate leaves, and clusters of large white flowers with their 

 long stamens most conspicuous ; the calyx-tube dilated and prolonged beyond 

 the ovary, which forms a large edible berry, like a small apple, scentless, but 

 when eaten of a rose-like savor ; seeds very few, large. 



3. Psidium pyriferum, GUAVA, of W. Ind. : with oval feather-veined 

 opposite leaves, and one or two white flowers at the end of an axillary peduncle ; 

 the fruit a large and pear-shaped yellowish berry which is eatable, and from 

 which Guava jelly is made in the West Indies. 



4. Callist&mon lanceolatum, of Australia, called BOTTLE-BRUSH, 

 on account of the appearance of the flowers (sessile all round the stem below 

 the later leaves) with their very long deep red stamens ; the 5 petals small and 

 falling early ; the fruit a small many-seeded pod opening at the top ; the alter- 

 nate lanceolate leaves remarkable for being turned edgewise by a twist at their 

 base, as in many related Myrtaccous plants of Australia. 



47. LYTHRACE^I, LOOSESTRIFE FAMILY. 



Differs from the related orders in having the ovary and pod free 

 from, but mostly enclosed in, the tube of the calyx, the leaves not 

 punctate, the anthers opening lengthwise. To this fiimily has lately 

 been appended the Pomegranate, which, although peculiar, is com- 

 monly referred to the Myrtle Family, notwithstanding the dotless 

 leaves. 



1. Ovary coKerent with the calyx-tube, becoming a fleshy fruit. Small tree. 



1. PUNICA. Calyx-tube colored (scarlet), thick and coriaceous, its top-shaped 



base coherent with the ovary, above enlarged and 5-7-lobed*, its throat 

 bearing the 5-7 petals and very many incurved stamens. Style slender. 

 Ovary with many cells in two sets, one above the other, and very many 

 ovules in each. Fruit large, globular, crowned with the calyx-lobes, berry- 

 like, but with a hard rind : the mimerous seeds coated with a juicy edible pulp. 



2. Ovary free from (lie calyx-tube, becoming a 1 - Q-celled pod. 

 * Stamens indefinitely numerous. Sinatt tree. 



2. LAGERSTR(EMIA. Calyx 6-lobed. Petals 6, very wavy-crisped, raised on 



slender claws, borne on the throat of the calyx. Stamens borne in the bot- 

 tom of the calyx, very long and slender, 6 outermost larger than the rest. 

 Style very slender. Pod oblong, thick, many-seeded, 3-6-eelled, only the 

 base coveVed by the persistent calyx. 



* Stamens 4-16, only as many or twice as many as the lobes of the calyx, inserted 

 lower down than the petals. Herbs or nearly so: calyx mostly with projecting 

 folds, or accessory teeth between the proper teeth or lubes. 



