268 NIGHTSHADE FAMILY. 



S. tuberbsum, POTATO. Cult, from Chili for the esculent tubers ; leaves 

 pinnate, of several ovate leaflets and some minute ones intermixed ; flowers blue 

 or white ; berries round, green. ^ 



S. Dulcamara, BITTERSWEET. Nat. from Eu. in moist cult, and waste 

 grounds ; smoothish, with tall stems woody at base and disposed to climb, ovate 

 and heart-shaped leaves, some of the upper ones halberd-3-lobed, or with one or 

 two pairs of smaller leaflets or lobes at base, corolla violet-purple with a pair 

 of greenish spots on the base of each lobe, and oval red berries. If. 



S. j asminoides. Woody-stemmed house-plant from Brazil, tall-climbing 

 by its petioles, very smooth, with oblong ovate or slightly heart-shaped entire 

 leaves, or some of them divided into 3 leaflets, and clusters of white or bluish 

 flowers. 2/ 



S. Pseudo-Capsicum, JERUSALEM CHERRY. Shrubby house-plant 

 from Madeira, cult, for the ornamental bright red berries, resembling cherries ; 

 smooth, with lance-oblong entire leaves and small white flowers. 2/ 



4. CAPSICUM, CAYENNE or RED PEPPER. (Said to come from 

 Greek word meaning to gobble or eat quickly.) Originally all South Ameri- 

 can. Fl. summer. 



C. annuum, COMMON C. .Cult, for the large oblong or globular and often 

 angled dry berry (red or green), which is exceedingly pungent, and used as a 

 condiment ; leaves ovate, entire ; flowers white, with truncate calyx. (T) 



C. cerasiforme, is cult, rarely as a pepper, more commonly for the orna- 

 mental cherry-like fruit, either bright red or yellow ; stem shrubby. 2/ 



5. PHYSALIS, GROUND CHERRY. (Greek name for bladdery, from 

 the inflated fruiting calyx. ) Fl. summer. 



1. Low stems (6' -20' high) from slender creeping rootstocks : anthers yellow : 

 fruiting calyx loosely inflated, 5-angled, much larger than the edible berry. 

 All but the first are urild secies of the country, in light or sandy soil. 2/ 



P. Alkekengi, STRAWBERRY TOMATO. Cult, from S. Eu., and running 

 wild E. : rather downy ; leaves triangular-ovate, pointed ; corolla greenish- 

 white, 5-lobed, not spotted ; fruiting calyx ovate, turning red ; berry red. 



P. Pennsylvanica. Smooth or somewhat hairy, but not clammy ; leaves 

 varying from ovate to lanceolate (var. LANCEOiATA)/entire or sparingly wavy- 

 toothed ; corolla yellowish with a darker throat and slightly 5 - 10-toothed 

 border ; fruiting calyx sunken at the base ; berry red. 



P. visc6sa. Clammy-pubescent, much branched, bushy ; leaves ovate or 

 heart-shaped and mostly toothed ; corolla light yellow with dark brown centre ; 

 fruiting calyx truncate or slightly concave at base, sharply 5-angled ; berry 

 orange or reddish, glutinous. 



2. Stems 1 - 3 high, from an annual root : flowers small, light greenish-yellow : 

 anthers tinged with blue or vio'et. Wild species in low or cult, grounds, (i) 



P. pubescens. Clammy-hairy or downy ; stems much spreading ; leaves 

 ovate or heart-shaped, augulate-toothed ; corolla brown-spotted in the throat ; 

 sharply 5-angled fruiting calyx loosely enclosing the yellow or greenish berry. 



P. angulata. Nearly smooth ; leaves more sharply cut-toothed ; peduncles 

 slender, very small corolla not spotted ; fruiting calyx 10-angled, loose, at length 

 filled by the greenish-yellow berry. 



P. Philadelphia. Almost smooth, erect ; leaves ovate or oblong and 

 oblique at base, slightly toothed or angled ; corolla dark colored in the throat, 

 over I' wide ; fruiting calyx globose, completely filled by the large reddish or 

 purple edible berry, and open at the mouth. 



6. NICANDRA, APPLE-OF-PERU. ( Named from the poet Nicander?) 

 Only one species : fl. summer. 



N. physaloides. Tall smooth weed from Peru, wild in moist waste 

 grounds ; with ovate angled or sinuate-toothed leaves, and solitary peduncles, 

 bearing a rather large pale blue flower. 



