16 FLORA: 



convex, glabrous. In rocky woods, Lab. to Alaska, south to N. Mich, and Br. 

 Col. Also in Greenland, Europe and Asia, and in the Andes of S. Am. 



9. Dryopteris spinulosa (Retz) Kuntze. (I. F. f. 37.) Rootstock chaffy. Stipes 

 1.5-4.5 dm. long, bearing a few pale brown deciduous scales ; leaves ovate-lan- 

 ceolate, 2-pinnate, the pinnae oblique to the rachis, elongated-triangular, rather thin, 

 the lower pairs broadly triangular, slightly shorter than the middle ones ; pinnules 

 oblique to the midrib, connected by a very narrow wing, oblong, incised or pin- 

 natifid with spinulose-toothed lobes ; indusium glabrous. In rich woods, Newf. to 

 Alaska and Wash., south to Ky. and Mich. 



Dryopteris spinulosa intermedia (Muhl.) Underw. Scales of the stipes few, brown 

 with a darker centre ; leaves oblong-ovate, 2-3-pinnate, the pinnae oblong-lanceolate, 

 spreading, the lowest unequally triangular-ovate ; pinnules crowded, pinnately divided \ 

 indusium delicate, beset with stalked glands. Lab. to Alaska, south to N. Car. and Mo 



Dryopteris spinulosa dilatkta (Hoffm.) Underw. Scales of the stipe large, brown 

 with a darker centre ; leaves broadly ovate or triangular-ovate, commonly 3-pinnate ; 

 pinnules lanceolate-oblong, the lowest often much elongated ; indusium glabrous. Newf. 

 to Wash, and Alaska, south along the Alleghenies to Ga. and Tenn. and to O. and 

 Neb. Also in Europe and Asia. 



10. Dryopteris Boottii (Tuckerm.) Underw. (I. F. f. 38.) Rootstock, ascend- 

 ing. Stipes 2-3 dm. long, covered, at least below, with thin pale-brown scales ; 

 leaves elongated-oblong or lanceolate in outline, thin, acuminate at the apex, slightly 

 narrowed at the base, nearly or quite 2-pinnate, 3-7.5 dm. long, 7.5-12.5 cm. wide ; 

 pinnae lanceolate, long-acuminate, broadest at the nearly sessile base ; pinnules 

 broadly oblong, very obtuse, the lower pinnatifid ; sori distinct, borne about half- 

 way between the midvein and margin ; indusium minutely glandular. In woods, 

 N. S. to Minn., south to Del. and W. Va. Also in N. Eu. and Asia. 



14. PHEGOPTERIS F<5e. 



Medium-sized or small ferns with 2-3 -pinnatifid or ternate leaves and small round 

 sori borne on the backs of the veins below the apex. Stipe not jointed with the 

 rootstock. Indusium wanting. Fertile (spore-bearing) and sterile leaves similar. 

 Sporanges pedicelled, provided with a vertical ring, bursting transversely. [Greek, 

 signifying beech-fern.] About 75 species of wide geographic distribution. 



Leaves triangular, 2-pinnatifid ; pinnae sessile, adnate to the winged rachis. 



Leaves longer than broad, usually dark green. i. /". Phegopteris. 



Leaves as broad as long, or broader, usually light green. 2. P. hexagonoptera. 



Leaves ternate, with the three divisions petioled ; rachis wingless. 



Divisions subequal, often deflexed at right angles to the stipe. 



3. P. Dryopteris. 

 Terminal division largest erect, the leaves thus appearing pinnate. 



4. P. Robertiana. 



1. Phegopteris Phegopteris (L.) Underw. (I. F. f. 39.) Rootstock 

 slender, creeping, somewhat chaffy at least when young. Stipes 15-22 cm. long; 

 leaves triangular, thin, mostly longer than wide, 10-25 cm - lon g> 7~ 1 5 cm - wide, 

 acuminate at the apex, pubescent, especially on the veins beneath ; pinnae lanceolate 

 or linear- lanceolate, acuminate at the apex, sessile, broadest above the base, pin- 

 nately parted very nearly to the rachis into oblong obtuse entire segments, the lower 

 pair deflexed and standing forward ; basal segments, at least those of the upper 

 pinnae, decurrent and adnate to the winged rachis. In moist woods, Newf. to 

 Alaska, south to the mountains of Va., Mich, and Wash. Also in Europe and Asia. 

 Aug. 



2. Phegopteris hexagonoptera (Michx.) Fee. (I. F. f. 40.) Rootstock creep- 

 ing, chaffy, somewhat fleshy. Stipes 2-4.5 dm. long, straw-colored, naked ; leaves 

 triangular, as broad as or broader than long, 2-3 dm. wide, slightly pubescent and 

 often slightly glandular beneath, acuminate at the apex ; uppermost pinnae oblong, 

 obtuse, dentate or entire, small, the middle ones lanceolate, acuminate, the very 

 large lowest pair broadest near the middle, pinnately parted nearly to the mid- 

 vein into linear-oblong obtuse segments ; sori mostly near the margin. In dry 

 Woods, Quebec to Minn., south to Fla. and La. 



