JUNCACEAE. 251 



few-seeded, about equalling the perianth; seed obovoid, about 0.5 mm. long, retic- 

 ulated in alxKit 24 rows. Shallow margins of lakes, ponds or streams, N. S. to 

 X. X. Y. and Md. 



27. Juncus articulatus L. JOINTED RUSH. (I. F. f. 945.) Rootstock branch- 

 ing; steins erect or ascending, 4-6 dm. high, tufted, somewhat compressed, 2-4- 

 leaved, basal blade-bearing leaves I or 2, usually dying early; stem leaves with 

 conspicuously septate blades; inflorescence rarely exceeding I dm. in height, its 

 branches spreading; heads 6-12-flowered; perianth 2-3 mm. long, the parts nearly 

 equal, lanceolate, acuminate, reddish brown with a green midrib or green through- 

 out; stamens 6; capsule longer than the perianth, brown, 3-angled, tapering into a 

 conspiciuous tip. l-celled; seed oblong -obovoid, about 0.5 mm. long, reticulate in 

 about 16-20 rows. Lab. to Mass., N. Y., Mich, and Br. Col. Also in Europe and 

 Asia. 



28. Juncus Richardsonianus Schult. RICHARDSON'S RUSH. (I. F. f. 946.) 

 Stems erect, 1.5-5 dm. high in loose tufts, from creeping rootstocks, l-2-leaved; 

 panicle 6-20 cm. high, sparse, its branches strict or slightly spreading; heads 3-12- 

 flowered; perianth 2-2.5 mm. long, the inner parts shorter than the outer, obtuse, 

 the outer paler; stamens 6; anthers much shorter than the filaments; capsule ovoid- 

 oblong, slightly exceeding the perianth, with a short tip; seed about 0.5 mm. in 

 length, narrowly obovoid to oblong, apiculate, acute or acuminate at the base, 

 lightly reticulate in about 20 rows. N. S. to Br. Col., Penn., Neb. and Wash. 



29. Juncus nodosus L. KNOTTED RUSH. (I. F. f. 947.) Stems 1.5-6 dm. 

 high, erect, arising singly from thickenings of a slender rootstock ; stem leaves 24, 

 and like the basal ones with long erect blades; panicle seldom exceeding 6 cm., 

 bearing 1-30 heads; heads several-many-flowered, 7-12 mm. in diameter; perianth 

 2.4-3.5 mm - l n g i ts parts lanceolate-subulate, the inner longer than the outer; 

 stamens 6; capsule lanceolate-subulate, 3-sided, i-celled, exceeding the perianth; 

 seed oblong, acute below, apiculate above, rarely more than 0.4 mm. long, reticu- 

 late in 20-30 rows. N. S. to Va., Neb. and Br. Col. Also in Nev. 



30. Juncus Torreyi Coville. TORREY'S RUSH. (I. F. f. 948.) Stems 2-10 

 dm. high; rootstock slender, with tuberiform thickenings; leaf-blades stout, terete, 

 abruptly divergent from the stem; inflorescence congested, consisting of I 20 heads; 

 heads 10-16 mm. in diameter; perianth 4-5 mm. long, its parts subulate, the outer 

 longer than the inner; stamens 6; capsule subulate, 3-sided, l-celled, beaked; seed 

 0.4-0.5 mm. in length, oblong, acute at both ends, reticulate in about 20 longitudi- 

 nal rows. W. N. Y. to Tex. and the Pacific coast. 



31. Juncus Caesariensis Coville. NEW JERSEY RUSH. (L F. f. 949.) Stems 

 0.5-1 m. high, stout, erect, slightly roughened; basal leaves few, the uppermost, 

 like the cauline, with long erect terete roughened blades; inflorescence 2-10 cm. 

 high, with spreading branches, its lowest bract with a small blade; heads 2-5-flow- 

 ered; perianth 4-5 mm. long, the parts lanceolate-acuminate, stiff, green, striate, 

 the inner longer than the outer; stamens 6; capsule lanceolate-oblong, 3-sided, 

 mucronate-acuminate, incompletely 3-celled; seed tailed at both ends, altogether 

 about 2 mm. long. Sandy swamps of S. N. J. 



32. Juncus brachy carpus Engelm. SHORT-FRUITED RUSH. (I. F. f. 950.) 

 Stems erect, 2-9 dm. high, terete, i-4-leaved; blades terete, 2 mm. thick or less; 

 inflorescence sometimes I dm. high and with 20 spherical heads; perianth 3-4 mm. 

 long, its parts subulate, the inner about three-fourths as long as the outer; stamens 

 3 ; capsule one-half to two-thirds as long as the perianth, oblong, mucronate, l-celled; 

 seed oblong, acute at both ends, about 0.4 mm. long, reticulate in about 18 longitu- 

 dinal rows. S. Ont, through the Miss. Valley to Okla., Tex. and Miss. ; also from 

 N. Car. to Md. 



33. Juncus polycephalus Michx. MANY-HEADED RUSH. (L F. f. 951.) Stems 

 stout, about I m. high, compressed, 2-4-leaved. Leaves 0.5 m. in length or less, 

 the upper shorter; blades vertically flattened, 3-8 mm. broad; inflorescence 1-3.5 

 dm. high; heads globose, 710 mm. in diameter; perianth 3-4 mm. long, its parts 

 subulate; stamens 3 ; capsule subulate, l-celled, exceeding the perianth; seed nar- 

 rowly oblong, about 0.5 mm. long, acute at each end, with nearly straight tips, 

 reticulate in about 12 rows. In swamps, Va. (?) to Fla. and Tex. 



34. Juncus scirpoides Lam. SCIRPUS-LIKE RUSH. (I. F. f. 952.) Stems 

 2-9 dm. high, erect, terete, in clusters. Stem leaves 1-3; blades terete, 2 mm. 



