332 FLORA. 



in diameter; burs 3-10 cm. in diameter, enclosing 1-5 nuts; nuts puberulent, 

 dark brown, plano-convex or angled on the face, or when solitary ovoid. In rich 

 soil, Me. and Ont. to Mich., Ga. and Ala. Involucre sometimes suppressed and 

 the nuts naked. June -July. Nuts ripe Sept.-Oct. 



2. Castanea pumila (L.) Mill. CHINQUAPIN. (I. F. f. 1227.) A shrub or 

 small tree, the young shoots puberulent. Leaves oblong, acute at both ends, 

 sharply serrate with ascending or divergent teeth, dark green and glabrous above, 

 densely white-tomentulose beneath, 0.7-1.5 dm. long, 2-6 cm. wide; staminate 

 aments erect or somewhat spreading, 7-12 cm. long, 6-8 mm. in diameter; burs 

 3 cm. fh diameter or less, commonly spicate, enclosing a solitary ovoid brown nut 

 (rarely 2); seed very sweet. In dry soil, N. J. and Penn. to Ind., Fla. and Tex. 

 June. Nuts ripe Sept. 



3. QUERCUS L. 



Trees or shrubs, with pinnatifid lobed, dentate, crenate or entire leaves, decidu- 

 ous, or in some species persistent. Flowers very small, green or yellowish, 

 appearing with or before the leaves, the staminate numerous in slender, mostly 

 drooping aments, the pistillate solitary in many-bracted involucres. Staminate 

 flowers subtended by caducous bracts, consisting of a mostly 6-lobed campanulate 

 perianth and 6-12 stamens with filiform filaments, sometimes also with an abortive 

 pilose ovary. Pistillate flowers with an urn-shaped or oblong calyx, adnate to a 

 mostly 3-celled ovary; ovules 2 in each cavity of the ovary, rarely more than I in 

 each ovary maturing ; styles as many as the ovary-cavities, short. Fruit consisting 

 of the imbricated and more or less united bracts of the involucre (cup), subtending 

 or nearly enclosing the ovoid, oblong or subglobose, I -seeded coriaceous nut (acorn). 

 [The ancient Latin name, probably of Celtic derivation, signifying "beautiful 

 tree."] About 200 species, natives of the northern hemisphere. Besides the 

 following, some 30 others occur in the western and southern sections of N. Am. 



* Leaves or their lobes bristle-tipped, deciduous / acorns maturing in autumn of 



second year. 



t Leaves pinnatifid or pinnately lobed. 



Leaves green on both sides. 



Cup of the acorn saucer-shaped, much broader than high. 



Cup 16-25 mm. broad; acorn ovoid; leaves dull. i. Q. rubra. 



Cup 8-16 mm. broad; leaves shining. 



Acorn subglobose or short-ovoid; northern. 2. Q. palustris. 



Acorn ovoid; southern. 3. Q. Schneckii. 



Cup of the acorn turbinate or hemispheric. 



Inner bark gray to reddish ; leaves deeply lobed. 



Leaves shining both sides, lobed to near the midrib. 



Acorn ovoid; cup 15-25 mm. wide. 4. Q. coccinea. 



Acorn narrowly ellipsoid ; cup 10-15 mm. wide 5. Q. ellipsoidalis. 

 Leaves dull and paler beneath ; acorn ovoid. 6. Q. borealis. 



Inner bark orange. 7. Q. velutina. 



Leaves white or gray-tomentulose beneath. 



Large trees; leaf-lobes lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, long. 



Leaves rounded or obtuse at base, 3-5 -lobed; lobes linear or lanceolate, often 



falcate. 8. Q. digit ata. 



Leaves cuneate and acute at base, s-n-lobed; lobes triangular. 



9. Q. pagodacfolia. 

 Shrub or low tree; leaf -lobes triangular-ovate, short. 10. Q. nana. 



I 1 Leaves 3-5-lobed above the middle or entire, obovate or spatulate in outline. 



Leaves obovate-cuneate, brown-floccose beneath. n. Q. Marylandica. 



Leaves spatulate, glabrous both sides. 12. Q. nigra. 



I 1 1 Leaves entire, oblong, lanceolate or linear-oblong (sometimes lobed in no. 14). 



Leaves linear-oblong, green and glabrous on both sides. 13. Q. Phellos. 



Leaves oblong, glabrous, dark green and shining above. 14. Q. laurifolia. 



Leaves oblong or lanceolate, brown-tomentulose beneath. 15. Q. imbricaria* 



