CR UCIFERA E. 447 



several in each cell, wingless. Cotyledons accumbent. [Greek, to flatten, from 

 the flat pod.] A genus of about 25 species, natives of temperate, arctic and alpine 

 regions. In addition to the following, 2 others occur in western N. Am. 



Lower stem-leaves not clasping; seeds rugose. i. T. arvense. 



All the stem-leaves cordate-clasping; seeds smooth. 2. 7\ perfoliatum. 



1. Thlaspi arvense L. FIELD PENNY-CRESS. (I. F. f. 1692.) Annual, gla- 

 brous, 1.5-4.5 dm. high. Basal leaves petioled, oblanceolate, early deciduous; 

 stem-leaves oblong or lanceolate, sparingly dentate, the upper clasping the stem 

 by an auricled base; flowers white, about I mm. broad; pedicels spreading or 

 curved upward, slender. 1-2 cm. long in fruit; pods nearly orbicular, 8-12 mm. 

 broad, very flat, broadly winged all around, notched at the apex, in long racemes; 

 style minute, or none; seeds about 6 in each cell. In waste places and on ballast, 

 Quebec to Man., the N. W. Terr., N. Y. and Kans. June-Aug. 



2. Thlaspi perfoliatum L. PERFOLIATE PENNY-CRESS. (I. F. f. 1693.) An- 

 nual, glabrous; stems 0.5-2 dm. tall. Basal leaves ovate or suborbicular; stem- 

 leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate, sessile, clasping, 1-2.5 cm - l n gS pedicels 

 filiform, spreading; silicle obovate-orbicular, 4-6 mm. broad, rather narrowly 

 winged, broadly notched at the summit; style short but manifest; seeds usually 

 4 in each cell. Near Hamilton, Ont. Fugitive or adventive from Europe. 

 May- Aug. 



7. COCHLEARIA L. 



Maritime herbs, with simple mostly fleshy leaves, and white or rarely purplish 

 or yellowish racemose flowers. Silicle inflated, oblong or globose. Valves very 

 convex, dehiscent. Stigma nearly simple, or capitate. Seeds several in each cell 

 of the pod, usually in 2 rows, marginless. Cotyledons mainly accumbent. 

 [Greek, spoon, from the shape of the leaves.] About 25 species, natives of the 

 colder parts of the north temperate zone. Besides the following, about three 

 others are found on the arctic and northern Pacific coasts of N. Am. 



Stem-leaves oval or oblong, subsessile or with a broad- winged petiole, i. C. officinalis. 

 Stem-leaves deltoid to hastate, all except the uppermost slender petioled. 



2. C. Danica. 



1. Cochlearia officinalis L. SCURVY-GRASS. (I. F. f. 1694.) Annual to 

 perennial, diffuse, branching, glabrous, somewhat fleshy, the branches 15-30 cm. 

 long. Lower leaves long-petioled. oblong, orbicular or reniform, obtuse, 1-3 cm. 

 long, dentate or entire; flowers white, 4-5 mm. broad; petals emarginate, or 

 entire; pods globose or ovoid, 4-6 mm. long, smooth or reticulated. Along sea- 

 coasts and rivers, Anticosti to Greenland and arctic America. Also in arctic Europe 

 and Asia. Summer. 



2. Cochlearia Danica L. DANISH SCURVY-GRASS. Annual with slender 

 diffuse branches, 1-2 dm. long. Lower leaves rounded, reniform, 3-6 mm. in diam- 

 eter, subentire; flowers about 3 mm. broad, white; petals entire. Fruit ellipsoid, 

 about 4 mm. long. Along seacoast, Newf. to Greenland and the arctic coast; also 

 in Europe. Summer. 



8. ALLIARIA Adans. 



Biennial or perennial, sparingly pubescent or glabrous herbs, with broad den- 

 tate cordate or reniform leaves, and rather large racemose white flowers. Sepals 

 short. Petals oblong, clawed. Stamens 6. Style short, conic. Siliques linear, 

 slightly constricted between the seeds when dry, the valves with a strong mid- 

 nerve, 'dehiscent from the base. Seeds oblong, striate, in i row in each cell; coty- 

 ledons flat, incumbent. [From Allittm, garlic, on account of its similar odor.] 

 About 5 species, natives of Europe and Asia. 



T. Alliaria Alliaria (L.) Britton. HEDGE-GARLIC. GARLIC MUSTARD. 

 (I. F. f. 1695.) Erect, 3-9 dm. high, glabrous, or with a few hairs on the petioles 

 and leaf-margins. Leaves crenate or undulate, the lower 0.5-2 dm. broad on long 

 petioles, the upper smaller, sessile or nearly so; pedicels 4-6 mm. long, spreading 

 and very stout in fruit; flowers 6-8 mm. broad; pods glabrous, stiff, 2-5 cm. long, 

 2 mm. thick, pointed, 4-sided when dry. Waste places, woods and along road- 

 sides. Ont., N. Y., N. J. and Va. May-June. 



