ROSACEAE. 495 



I 1 Stem bristly or weakly prickly; fruit red or, when ripe, almost black. 



Leaflets thick; inflorescence stout, strongly bristly or weakly prickly. 



27. R. nigrtcans. 

 Leaflets thin ; inflorescence sparingly and weakly bristly. 



Some of the leaves quinate; leaflets of the flowering shoots oblan- 



ceolate or narrowly cuneate. 28. R. setosus. 



All leaves ternate; leaflets of the flowering shoots broadly obovate. 



29. R. hispidus. 



I 1 1 Stem unarmed; fruit red. 6. R. Amertcanus. 



1. Rubus odoratus L. PURPLE-FLOWERING RASPBERRY. (I. F. f. 1890.) 

 Erect, branched, shrubby, glandular-pubescent and somewhat bristly, not prickly, 

 1-1.5 m. high. Stipules small, lanceolate, acuminate ; leaves simple, petioled, 

 sometimes nearly 3 dm. broad, 3~5-lobed, cordate at the base, pubescent, the lobes 

 acuminate, finely serrate; flowers 3-5 cm. broad; bracts membranous; calyx-lobes 

 tipped with a slender appendage ; fruit red when ripe, depressed-hemispheric, 

 scarcely edible. In rocky woods, N. S. to Ont., Mich., Ga. and Tenn. A form 

 with white flowers has been found at Pine Hill, Ulster Co., N. Y. June-Aug. 



2. Rubus Columbianus (Millsp.) Rydb. MAPLE-LEAVED RASPBERRY. Erect, 

 shrubby, glandular-pubescent, rarely bristly. Leaves simple, slender-petioled, 

 5~7-lobed to near the middle, cordate at the base; lobes lanceolate, acuminate, 

 doubly and sharply dentate; flowers smaller than in the preceding, 2-3 cm. broad; 

 calyx-lobes ovate, with almost subulate tips; fruit red, small, depressed, of a 

 very musky taste. Mountains of W. Va. July. [R. odoratus var. Columbianus 

 Millsp.] 



3. Rubus parviflorus Nutt. SALMON-BERRY. WHITE-FLOWERING RASP- 

 BERRY. (I. F. f. 1891.) Similar to R. odoratus but usually less glandular and 

 scarcely bristly. Leaves petioled, simple, cordate at the base, 3~5-lobed, the lobes 

 acute or obtusish, rarely acuminate, coarsely and unequally serrate; flowers few, 

 corymbose, white, terminal, 3-5 cm. broad; calyx-lobes tipped with a long, slender 

 appendage ; fruit depressed -hemispheric, scarcely edible, red when ripe. In 

 woods, Mich., Minn, and western Ont. to Alaska, Cal., Utah and Colo. May- 

 July. 



4. Rubus Chamaemorus L. CLOUDBERRY. KNOTBERRY. MOUNTAIN 

 BRAMBLE. MOUNTAIN RASPBERRY. (I. F. f. 1892.) Herbaceous; rootstock 

 creeping; branches erect, 4-25 cm. high, finely pubescent or nearly glabrous, 

 scaly below; leaves orbicular or broader, 5~9-lobed, cordate or reniform at the 

 base, 'pubescent or glabrous, 3-7 cm. broad, the lobes usually short, broad, den- 

 tate; flowers dioecious, solitary, terminal, white, 12-25 mm - broad; sepals ovate, 

 shorter than the petals, sometimes toothed toward the apex; fruit red at first, yel- 

 low when ripe, composed of few drupelets, edible and pleasant. In peat-bogs 

 and swamps, Me. and N. H. to Arctic Am., Alaska and Br. Col. Also in northern 

 Europe and Asia. June-July. 



5. Rubus arcticus L. ARCTIC RASPBERRY OR BRAMBLE. (I. F. f. 1893.) 

 Stems erect, herbaceous, 7-25 cm. high, unarmed, finely pubescent, sometimes 

 leafless below. Leaves 3-foliolate (rarely 5-foliolate); leaflets sessile or short- 

 stalked, rhombic-ovate or obovate, coarsely and unequally serrate or slightly lobed, 

 18-25 mm - l n g; flowers solitary, or occasionally 2, slender-peduncled, pink, 

 12-25 mm. broad, sometimes dioecious; sepals acute, equalling or shorter than the 

 obovate petals; fruit light red, of several or numerous drupelets, edible, fragrant. 

 In peat-bogs and damp woods, Quebec to Manitoba and Br. Col., and throughout 

 Arctic Am. Also in Europe and Asia. Summer. 



6. Rubus Americanus (Pers.) Britton. DWARF RASPBERRY. (I. F. f. 

 1897.) Stem trailing or ascending, unarmed, annual, herbaceous, or slightly 

 woody, 15-45 cm. long, somewhat pubescent. Leaves petioled, 3-foliolate, rarely 

 5-foliolate; leaflets rhombic-ovate, glabrous or nearly so, acute, the lateral ones 

 mostly rounded, the terminal one cuneate at the base, all sharply serrate ; 

 peduncles slender, i-3-flowered, glandular-pubescent; flowers 8-12 mm. broad; 

 petals 5-7, white, spatulate-oblong, erect, rather longer than the acuminate 

 reflexed sepals; fruit red-purple, about 12 mm. long. In swamps, Newf. to 

 Manitoba, N. J. and Neb. Intermediate between Blackberries and Raspberries. 

 May -July. 



