ROSACEAE. 501 



2. Fragaria Canadensis Michx. NORTHERN WILD STRAWBERRY. (I. F. f. 

 1909.) Petioles slender, loosely villous. Leaves thin but firm ; leaflets oblong or 

 the middle one narrowly obovate, obtuse, rather few-toothed, 2-4 cm. long, gla- 

 brous or nearly so above, even when young, more or less appressed-pubescent be- 

 neath; flowers few, slender-pedicelled, 10-15 mm. broad; fruit 12-16 mm. long. 

 In fields and meadows, Newt", to Mich., south to the Catskills. May-July. 



3. Fragaria Terrae-novae Rydb. NEWFOUNDLAND STRAWBERRY. Leaves 

 thin, glabrate above, slightly silky beneath; leaflets 2-5 cm. long, obovate, serrate, 

 the lateral ones slightly oblique at the base; scape slender, silky strigose at first, 

 glabrate in age, few flowered; flowers 1.5-2 cm. in diameter; petals often nearly 

 twice as long as the sepals; fruit hemispheric, about I cm. broad. Newf. and Lab. 

 to Me. and Ont. 



4. Fragaria vesca L. EUROPEAN WOOD STRAWBERRY. (I. F. f. 1910.) 

 Stout, tufted, dark green, silky. Leaflets ovate or broadly oval, obtuse, dentate, 

 rather thin, the terminal one cuneate, the others inequilateral at the base; scape 

 commonly exceeding the leaves so that the fruit is borne above them, sometimes 

 3 dm. high, its hairs mostly spreading; calyx-lobes remaining spreading or some- 

 times reflexed. In fields and along roadsides. Nat. from Europe in the Eastern 

 and Middle States. April-June. 



5. Fragaria Americana (Porter) Britton. AMERICAN WOOD STRAWBERRY. 

 (I. F. f. 1911.) Slender, light green, silky-pubescent or glabrate, producing 

 runners more freely than any of the preceding species. Leaflets very thin, 

 ovate or oval, sharply incised-dentate, the terminal one commonly cuneate. the 

 others inequilateral at the base, pubescent with silvery appressed hairs beneath; 

 calyx-lobes reflexed in fruit; fruit often with a short neck. In rocky woods, Newf. 

 to Va. and N. Mex. May-June. 



13. DUCHESNEA J. E. Smith. 



Perennial herbs, with leafy runners, 3-foliolate long-petioled leaves and 

 axillary slender-peduncled yellow perfect flowers. Calyx 5 -parted, 5 -bracteolate, 

 the bractlets larger than the calyx-segments and alternating with them, dentate or 

 incised. Petals 5, obovate. Stamens numerous. Pistils numerous, borne on a 

 hemispheric receptacle which greatly enlarges but does not become pulpy in fruit. 

 Achenes superficial on the receptacle. [In honor of A. N. Duchesne, French 

 botanist.] Two species, natives of southern Asia. 



I. Duchesnea Indica (Andr. ) Focke. YELLOW OR INDIAN STRAWBERRY. 

 (I. F. f. 1912.) Silky -pubescent, tufted and forming leafy runners, dark green. 

 Leaflets rhombic obovate, rather thin, crenate or dentate, obtuse at the apex; 

 peduncles equalling or longer than the leaves; flowers 1.5-2 cm. broad; bractlets 

 of the calyx dentate or incised, exceeding the ovate or lanceolate acuminate spread- 

 ing calyx-lobes. In waste places, southern N. Y. and Penn. to Fla. and Ga. 

 Naturalized or adventive from India. April-July. 



14. COMARUM L. 



A stout dark green nearly glabrous herb, with alternate pinnate large-stipuled 

 leaves, the large purple flowers cymose or solitary, terminal or also axillary. 

 Calyx deeply 5-lobed, 5 -bracteolate,' the bractlets narrow. Petals shorter than the 

 calyx-lobes, acute, purple. Stamens numerous, inserted on the large pubescent 

 disk. Pistils numerous, inserted on the pubescent receptacle which becomes 

 spongy in fruit. Style lateral. Achenes glabrous, I -seeded. Seed pendulous. 

 [Greek name of the Arbutus, from the similar fruits.] A monotypic genus of the 

 north temperate zone. 



i. Comarum palustre L. PURPLE OR MARSH CINQUEFOIL. PURPLE 

 MARSHLOCKS. COWBERRY. (I. F. f. 1937.) Decumbent at the base. Leaves 

 pinnate, the lower long-petioled, 5-7-foliolate; leaflets oblong or oblanceolate, 

 sharply serrate, obtuse or acutisli at the apex, narrowed at the base, 3-8 cm. 

 long ; stipules membranous, sometimes adnate to the petiole for half its length ; 

 upper leaves nearly sessile, 3-5-foliolate; flowers showy, I cm. broad, in fruit 

 2 cm. ; calyx-lobes purple within, ovate, acuminate, much exceeding the ovate- 



