UMBELLIFERAE. 683 



places, N. J. and Penn. to Va. and La. Escaped from gardens. Adventive from 

 Europe. July-Sept. 



Anethum graveolens L., DlLLWEED, similar to Fennel, but with the fruit somewhat 

 flattened dorsally, and the root annual or biennial has been found in waste places at 

 Wilmington, Del. 



34. LIGUSTICUM L. 



Perennial glabrous herbs, with aromatic roots, ternately compound leaves, and 

 large compound umbels of white flowers. Involucre of several narrow mostly 

 deciduous bracts. Involucels of numerous linear bracts. Calyx-teeth obsolete. 

 Stylopodium conic. Fruit oblong or ovoid, scarcely flattened. Carpels dorsally 

 compressed, the ribs prominent, acute, separated by broad intervals; oil-tubes 26 

 in the intervals. Seed-face flat or slightly concave. [Named from Liguria, where 

 Lovage abounds.] About 20 species, natives of the northern hemisphere. Besides 

 the following, some 7 others occur in western N. Am. 



Leaves thin ; fruit ovoid ; southern species. i. L. Canadense. 



Leaves fleshy ; fruit oblong ; northern seacoast species. 2. L. Scoticum. 



1. Ligusticum Canadense (L.) Britton. NONDO. ANGELICO. (I. F. f. 

 2654.) Stout, 0.6-1.8 m. high. Leaves thin, the lower and basal petioled, often 

 3 dm. wide, their primary divisions ternate; segments ovate, or oval, 4-13 cm. 

 long, acute, rounded at the base, coarsely serrate, or those of the uppermost leaves 

 linear-lanceolate and entire; umbels mostly twice compound, sometimes 2.5 dm. 

 broad; bracts of the involucre 2-6, linear; pedicels 2-4 mm. long in fruit; fruit 

 ovoid, 4-6 mm. long, with prominent slightly winged ribs; oil-tubes 3 or 4 in the 

 intervals; seed angled on the back. In rich woods, southern Penn. to Ga., Mo. 

 and Ky. June-Aug. 



2. Ligusticum Scoticum L. SCOTCH LOVAGE. SEA PARSLEY. (I. F. f. 

 2655.) Stem 2.5-9 dm. high. Leaves mostly biternate, the segments broadly 

 obovate or oval, 2-10 cm. long, shining, dentate; umbels 5-10 cm. broad in fruit; 

 pedicels 4-10 mm. long; fruit oblong, 6-10 mm. long, the ribs prominent and 

 somewhat winged; seed rounded on the back. Along salt marshes, Conn, to Lab. 

 and the lower St. Lawrence River. Also on the Pacific coast and the shores of 

 northern Europe and Asia. July -Aug. 



35. COELOPLEURUM Ledeb. 



Stout and tall maritime perennials, with large 2-3-ternate leaves, inflated 

 petioles, and compound umbels of greenish white flowers. Involucre of a few 

 linear deciduous bracts, or none. Involucels of numerous linear bracts. Calyx- 

 teeth obsolete. Stylopodium depressed. Fruit oblong, scarcely flattened; dorsal 

 and intermediate ribs prominent, corky-thickened, the lateral ones slightly broader, 

 acute, but not winged; oil-tubes solitary in the intervals, I or 2 under each rib and 

 2-4 on the commissural side. Seed loose in the pericarp, its face flat or slightly 

 concave. [Greek, hollow-ribbed.] Two species, one widely distributed in the 

 northern hemisphere, the other on our northwestern coast. 



i. Coelopleurum Graelini (DC.) Ledeb. SEACOAST ANGELICA. (I. F. f. 

 2657.) Branching, 6-9 dm. high, the umbels and upper part of the stem puberu- 

 lent. Lower leaves large, 2 3-ternate, the segments thin, ovate, acute or acumi- 

 nate, sharply dentate and incised, 3-6 cm. long; umbels 7-13 cm. broad, 

 10-25 -rayed; pedicels slender, 6-12 mm. long; fruit 5-7 mm. long. Seacoast, 

 Greenland to Mass. , on the lower St. Lawrence River and the Pacific coast. Also 

 on the coasts of eastern Asia. Summer. 



36. THASPIUM Nutt. 



Perennial herbs, with ternate or ternately compound leaves, or the basal ones 

 sometimes undivided, and compound umbels of yellow or purple flowers. Invo- 

 lucre none, or of 1-3 bracts. Involucels of several small bracts. Calyx-teeth 

 prominent, acute. Stylopodium none. Style slender. Fruit ovoid or oblong, 

 glabrous or nearly so, scarcely flattened. Carpels somewhat dorsally flattened, 

 the ribs or at least some of them strongly winged; oil-tubes solitary in the inter- 

 vals. Seed-face flat. [Name from the island Thapsus.] About 3 species, natives 

 of eastern N, Am. 



