V 



BO K A GIN A CEAE. 775 



terminal leafy -bracted scorpioid spikes or racemes. Calyx deeply 5 -parted. 

 Corolla tubular or tubular-funnelform, 5-lobed, the lobes erect, the sinuses slightly 

 inflexed, the tube with a glandular lo-lobed band within at the base. Stamens 5, 

 inserted on the corolla, included; filaments short. Ovary 4-parted ; style filiform, 

 exserted. Nutlets 4, or commonly only I or 2 perfecting, ovoid, sometimes spar- 

 ingly pitted, shining, smooth, white, attached by the base to the nearly flat Yecep- 

 tacle, the scar of attachment small, flat. [Greek, like onosma, or ass-smell.] 

 About 6 species, of N. Am. and Mex. Besides the following, 2 others occur in the 

 southwestern U. S. 



Leaves acute; stem hirsute. 



Plant green; hairs long and shaggy; nutlets ovoid, 3 mm. long. i. O. Carolinianum* 

 Plant pale; hairs shorter and soft; nutlets ovoid-globose, 4 mm. long. 



2. O. molle. 



Leaves obtuse ; stem appressed-hispid. 3. O. Virginianum. 



1. Onosmodium Carolinianum (Lam.) DC. SHAGGY FALSE GROMWELL. 

 (I. F. f. 3050.) Spreading-hirsute with bristly hairs; stem 3-9 dm. high. Leaves 

 lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate or oblong, sessile, 5 9-ribbed, $'-12 cm. long; flowers 

 numerous and crowded; pedicels 2-4 mm. long in fruit; calyx-segments linear, 

 acute; corolla pubescent outside, about i cm. long, its lobes triangular-lanceolate, 

 acute, about one-half as long as the tube; nutlets obtuse. In dry fields or thickets, 

 or on banks, Ont. and western N. Y. to Minn., Kans., south to Ga. and Tex. 

 May-July. 



2. Onosmodium molle Michx. SOFT-HAIRY FALSE GROMWELL. (I. F. f. 

 3051.) Similar to the preceding, but usually lower, 3-6 dm. high, canescent, at 

 least when young, the pubescence soft and shorter, that of the leaves appressed. 

 Leaves smaller, ovate-lanceolate; corolla-lobes usually less than one-half the 

 length of the tube; nutlets larger. On plains, Manitoba and the N. W. Terr, to 

 111., Kans., Tex. and Utah. May-July. 



3. Onosmodium Virginianum (L.) DC. VIRGINIA FALSE GROMWELL. (I. 

 F. f. 3052.) Appressed-hispid with stiff hairs; stem 3-8 dm. high. Leaves 

 oblong, oval, or oblong- lanceolate, sessile, 2-8 cm. long, or the lower oblanceolate, 

 acutish and narrowed into petioles; calyx-segments linear-lanceolate, acuminate; 

 corolla cylindric or nearly so, about 8 mm. long, the lobes lanceolate, acuminate, 

 nearly as long as the tube, strigose without; nutlets ovoid, obtuse or obtusish, 

 2-3 mm. long. In thickets or on hillsides, N. Eng. to Fla., Kans. and Tex. 

 May-July. 



13. SYMPHYTUM L. 



Erect rough hairy perennial herbs, with mucilaginous roots, alternate entire 

 leaves, the uppermost tending to be opposite, the lower long-petioled. Flowers 

 yellow, blue, or purple, in terminal scorpioid racemes. Calyx deeply 5-cleft. 

 Corolla tubular to campanulate, slightly dilated above, 5-lobed, the lobes short, the 

 throat with 5 crests below the lobes. Stamens 5, included, inserted on the corolla- 

 tube. Style filiform. Nutlets 4, obliquely ovoid, wrinkled, inserted by their 

 bases on the flat receptacle, the scar of the attachment broad, concave, dentate. 

 [Greek, grow-together, from its supposed healing virtues.] About 15 species, of 

 the Old World. 



Pilose-pubescent. i. S. ojficinale. 



Stem bristly-papillose. 2. S. asperimum. 



1. Symphytum officinale L. COMFREY. HEALING-HERB. (I. F. f. 3053.) 

 Roots thick, deep; stem 6-9 dm. high. Leaves lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, or 

 the lower ovate, pinnately veined, 0.7-2.5 dm. long, acute or acuminate; pedicels 

 4-8 mm. long; calyx-segments ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, much 

 shorter than the corolla; corolla yellowish or purplish, 1-2 mm. long; nutlets brown, 

 shining, 4 mm. high. In waste places, Newf. to Minn., south to Md. Nat. or 

 adventive from Europe. June-Aug. 



2. Symphytum asperimum Sims. ROUGH COMFREY. Similar to the pre- 

 ceding, but the stem and branches very rough -bristly. Leaves ovate to ovate- 

 lanceolate, rough; calyx-segments subulate. In waste places, N. Y. and Mass. 

 Summer. Adventive from Europe. 



