SCROPHULARIACEAE* 8lQ 



e. Stamens 2 only; corolla rotate, salverforra, tubular, or none. 

 Leaves alternate; flowers spicate: corolla 2-3-lobed or none. 18. Synthyris. 



Leaves, at least the lower, opposite or verticillate; corolla 4-lobed. 



Corolla rotate; capsule obcordate or emarginate, compressed. 19. Veronica. 

 Corolla tubular- funnelform; capsule ovoid, not compressed. 20. Leptandra* 

 f. Stamens 4, all anther-bearing; corolla campanulate, salverform or funnelform, 



scarcely 2-lipped. 



Leaves alternate: flowers in i-sided racemes. 21. Digitalis. 



Leaves, at least the lower, opposite. 



Corolla salverform ; flowers in a long spike. 22. Buchnera. 



Corolla campanulate or funnelform. 



Stamens nearly equal; calyx-lobes as long as the tube. 23. Afzelia. 



Stamens strongly didynamous, unequal; calyx-teeth shorter than the tube. 

 Anthers awned at the base; corolla yellow. 24. Dasystoma. 



Anthers awnless; corolla purple, pink or rarely white. 25. Gerardia. 

 g. Stamens 4, all anther-bearing, ascending under the upper lip of the corolla. 

 Ovules several or numerous; capsule many-seeded. 



Anther-sacs dissimilar, the inner one pendulous by its apex; leaves mostly alternate. 

 Upper lip of the corolla much longer than the lower. 26. Castilleja. 



Upper lip of the corolla scarcely longer than the lower. 27. Orthocarpus. 

 Anther-sacs similar and parallel; leaves mostly opposite. 



Calyx 2-bracteolate at the base, 5-toothed. 28. Schwalbea. 



Calyx not bracteolate, 4~5-toothed, or cleft or split. 



Upper lip of the corolla 2-lobed, its margins recurved; calyx 4-cleft. 



29. Euphrasia. 

 Margins of the upper lip of the corolla not recurved. 



Calyx scarcely or not at all inflated in fruit; galea entire. 

 Calyx 4-toothed or 4-cleft ; capsule straight. 



Seeds spreading, numerous. 30. Bartsia. 



Seeds pendulous, few. 31. Odontites. 



Calyx split on the lower side or on both sides ; capsule oblique. 

 Galea prolonged into a filiform curved beak. 



32. Elephantella. 



Galea with a short beak or none. 33. Pedicularis. 



Calyx ovoid, much inflated and veiny in fruit. 34. Rhinanthus. 



Ovules only i or 2 in each cell of the ovary; capsule i-4-seeded; leaves opposite. 



35. Melampyrum. 



I. VERBASCUM L. 



Biennial or rarely perennial, mostly tall herbs, with alternate leaves, and rather 

 large flowers, in terminal spikes, racemes or panicles. Calyx deeply 5 -cleft or 

 5-parted. Corolla flat-rotate or slightly concave, 5-lobed, the lobes a little unequal, 

 the upper exterior, at least in the bud. Stamens 5, inserted on the base of the 

 corolla, unequal; filaments of the 3 upper stamens, or of all 5. pilose; anther-sacs 

 confluent into one. Ovules numerous; style dilated and flattened at the summit. 

 Capsule septicidally 2-valved, the valves usually 2 -cleft at the apex. Seeds rugose. 

 [The Latin name of the great mullen; used by Pliny.] About 125 species, of the 

 Old World. 

 Plants densely woolly ; flowers in dense terminal spikes, or spikelike racemes. 



Leaves strongly decurrent on the stem. I. V. Thapsus. 



Leaves not decurrent, or but slightly so. 2. V. phlomoides. 



Leaves white-tomentose beneath ; flowers in large terminal panicles. 3. V. Lychnitis. 

 Plant glabrous or sparingly glandular ; flowers racemose. 4. V. Blattaria. 



1. Verbascum Thapsus L. GREAT MULLEN. (I. F. f. 3229.) Simple or 

 with some erect branches, densely woolly with branched hairs, 6-25 dm. high. 

 Leaves oblong, thick, acute, narrowed at the base, dentate or denticulate, 1-3 dm. 

 long, the basal ones margined -petioled; flowers yellow, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad, sessile, 

 numerous in dense elongated spikes; stamens unequal, the three upper shorter with 

 white hairy filaments and short anthers, the two lower glabrous or nearly so with 

 larger anthers; capsule about 6 mm. high. In fields and waste places, N. S. to S. 

 Dak., Fla. and Kans. Nat. from Europe. June-Sept. 



2. Verbascum phlomoides L. CLASPING-LEAVED MULLEN. (I. F. f. 3230.) 

 Stem usually simple, 3-12 dm. high. Leaves oblor.g to ovate-lanceolate, crenate, 

 crenulate, or entire, woolly-tomentose, sessile or somewhat clasping, or slightly de- 

 current on the stem, or the lower often petioled with truncate or subcordate bases; 



