SCROPHULARIACEAE. 83? 



outline, all pinnatifid or deeply incised. 5-10 cm. long; upper leaves smaller, ses- 

 sile; pedicels, even in fruit, shorter than the calyx; calyx-lobes oblong or ovate, 

 about as long as the tube; corolla 3-5 cm. long, its tube much expanded above. In 

 dry woods and thickets, Minn, and Wis. to Tenn., Kans. and Tex. July-Aug* 



6. Dasystoma laevigata Raf. ENTIRE-LEAVED FALSE FOXGLOVE. (I. F. 

 f. 3306. ) Glabrous or nearly so, not glaucous ; stem simple, or sparingly branched, 

 3-9 dm. high. Leaves usually all petioled, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 3-10 cm. 

 long, entire, or the lowest dentate or incised; pedicels shorter than the calyx, or in 

 fruit longer; calyx-lobes ovate-lanceolate, equalling or shorter than the tube; corolla 

 2.5-4 cm. long, the limb fully as broad, the tube much expanded above; capsule 

 glabrous, twice as long as the calyx. In dry thickets, Penn. to Mich., south to Ga. 

 July Aug. 



7. Dasystoma Virginica (L.) Britton. SMOOTH FALSE FOXGLOVE. (I. F. 

 3307.) Glabrous and glaucous; stem usually branched, 9-18 dm. high. Leaves 

 usually all petioled, ovate or ovate-lanceolate in outline, the lower i-2-pinnatifid, 

 10-15 cm. long, the upper pinnatifid or deeply incised, the lobes lanceolate or 

 oblong, acute; fruiting pedicels mostly longer than the calyx; calyx-lobes ovate or 

 ovate-lanceolate, acute, entire, about equalling the tube; corolla 3.5-5 cm. long, its 

 tube not widely expanded above; capsule glabrous, twice as long as the calyx. In 

 dry or moist woods, Me. to Minn., Fla. and 111. July-Sept. 



25. GERARDIA L. 



Erect herbs, some South American species shrubby, mainly with opposite and 

 sessile leaves. Flowers showy, usually large. Calyx campanulate, 5 -toothed, or 

 5-lobed. Corolla somewhat irregular, campanulate, or funnelform, the tube broad, 

 the limb 5-lobed, slightly 2-lipped, the lower lobes exterior in the bud. Stamens 4, 

 didynamous, included; filaments pubescent; anthers 2 -celled, their sacs obtuse or 

 mucronate at the base; style filiform. Capsule loculicidally dehiscent, many- 

 seeded. Seeds mostly angled. [Named for John Gerarde, surgeon and botanist, 

 author of the Herbal (1597), died 1612.] About 40 species, natives of America. 

 Besides the following, some 10 others occur in the southern U. S. 



* Flowers pedicelled; anthers all alike. 



Pedicels in flower shorter than the calyx, or but 1-2 times as long. 

 Corolla 2-2.6 cm. long. 



Calyx-teeth minute; root perennial. i, G. linifolta. 



Calyx-teeth triangular, lanceolate or oblong, acute; annuals. 



Leaves very scabrous, filiform; capsule oblong. 2. G. aspera. 



Leaves slightly scabrous, linear; capsule globose. 3. G. purpurea. 



Corolla 1-1.6 cm. long. 



Calyx-teeth triangular-subulate, acute. 4. G. paupercula. 



Calyx-teeth broad, short, obtuse. 5. G. maritima. 



Pedicels in flower 2-6 times as long as the calyx. 



Leaves linear, spreading or ascending; capsule globose. 

 Leaves 0.5-2.5 mm. wide, 1-4 cm. long. 



Lobes of the corolla entire, or barely emarginate. 

 Corolla 12-20 mm. long, pink to purple. 



Leaves linear, 2.5 mm. wide or less. 6. G. tenuifolia. 



Leaves filiform-linear, less than i mm. wide. 7. G. Holminna. 

 Corolla less than 10 mm. long, yellowish-pink. 8. G. viridis. 

 Lobes of the corolla all obcordate. 9. G. decemloba, 



Leaves 2-4 mm. wide, 4-9 cm. long; pedicels ascending. 10. G. Besseyana. 

 Leaves subulate-spatulate, short, nearly erect; capsule oblong, n. G. Skinneriana. 



* * Flowers sessile; anthers of the shorter stamens smaller. 



Leaves lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, entire or nearly so. 12. G. aztriculata. 



Leaves pinnately divided into 3-7 linear-segments. 13. G. densiflora. 



i. Gerardia linifolia Nutt. FLAX-LEAVED GERARDIA. (I. F. f. 3308.) 

 Glabrous, 6-9 dm. high. Leaves narrowly linear, 2-5 cm. long, 2-3 mm. wide, 

 erect, the upper much smaller and subulate; pedicels erect, in flower equalling or 

 a little longer than the calyx, longer in fruit; calyx campanulate, truncate; corolla 

 purple, about 2.5 cm. long, narrower than that of the two following species, villous 

 within, the lobes ciliate; filaments and anthers densely villous; anther-sacs mucro- 

 nate at the base; capsule globose, 4-6 mm. in diameter, but little longer than the 

 calyx. In moist pine barrens, Del. to Fla. and Cuba. Aug. -Sept. 



