90O FLORA. 



20-45 cm - h*g n > ^ ie branches erect. Lower leaves linear-lanceolate, rigid, entire, 

 acute, or acuminate, 1-2.5 cm. long, 1-3 mm. wide, the upper similar but smaller, 

 or reduced to subulate scales; heads 12-16 mm. broad, mostly 5-flowered; involucre 

 I2-l6 mm. high; achenes narrowly columnar or slightly tapering, truncate at the 

 summit, about 8 -nerved or ribbed; pappus light brown. Plains, Minn, to Mont., 

 Mo., Kans. and N. Mex. June- Aug. 



2. Lygodesmia rostrata A. Gray. BEAKED LYGODESMIA. (I. F. f. 3547.) 

 Annual, less rigid; stem striate, leafy, paniculately branched, 3-9 dm. high. 

 Leaves elongated-linear, acuminate, entire, 3 -nerved, the lower 7-17 cm. long, 

 2-3 mm. wide, the uppermost very small and subulate; heads numerous. 7-10- 

 flowered, about I cm. broad; involucre 10-14 mm. high; achenes narrowly fusi- 

 form, narrowed or somewhat beaked at the summit. 5-8-ribbed or -striate, 8-10 

 mm. long, longer than the whitish pappus. Kans. and Neb. to the N. W. Terr., 

 Colo, and Wyo. Aug. -Sept. 



17. AGOSERIS Raf. 



Herbs, mostly acaulescent, with tufted usually sessile basal leaves, and solitary 

 heads of yellow or rarely purple flowers at the end of a naked or bracted scape. 

 Involucre campanulate or oblong, its bracts imbricated in several rows, appressed, 

 or with spreading tips, membranous or herbaceous, not thickened after flowering, 

 the outer ones gradually shorter and broader. Receptacle flat, naked or foveolate. 

 Rays truncate and 5 -toothed at the apex. Anthers sagittate at the base. Style- 

 branches slender. Achenes oblong, obovate, or linear, lo-ribbed, not flattened, 

 beaked at the summit. Pappus of copious slender simple white bristles. [Greek, 

 head- or chief- succory.] About 25 species, natives of western and southern N. A. 

 and southern S. A. Besides the following, some 20 others occur in the western 

 parts of the U. S. 



Head 3-5 cm. broad; achenes 10-12 mm. long. i. A. glauca. 



Head 2.5 cm. broad or less; achenes about 6 mm. long. 2. A. parvtflora. 



1. Agoseris glauca (Pursh) Greene. LARGE-FLOWERED AGOSERIS. (I. F. 

 f. 3548.) Perennial, pale or glaucous, glabrous throughout or a little woolly below. 

 Leaves linear, lanceolate, or oblong, entire, dentate or pinnatifid. 5-25 cm. long, 

 4-20 mm. wide, acuminate at the apex, narrowed at the base, sometimes into 

 margined petioles; scapes stout, glabrous or slightly pubescent, longer than the 

 leaves, often 4 dm. high; involucre oblong-campanulate, or broader in fruit, com- 

 monly quite glabrous, its bracts lanceolate, acuminate; achenes conspicuously 

 beaked; pappus of rather rigid scabrous or denticulate bristles. S. Dak. to the N. 

 W. Terr., south to Kans., Colo, and Utah. May-July. 



2. Agoseris parviflora (Nutt.) Greene. SMALL- FLOWERED AGOSERIS. (I. F. 

 f. 3549.) Perennial, glabrous throughout; scape slender, much longer than the 

 leaves, 12-40 cm. high. Leaves narrowly linear, acuminate, entire, 7-20 cm. 

 long, 2-5 mm. wide; involucre oblong-ovoid, becoming nearly hemispheric in 

 fruit, 12-16 mm. high, glabrous, its bracts lanceolate, acuminate; achenes con- 

 spicuously beaked ; pappus of numerous unequal very slender bristles. Plains, 

 western Neb. to Manitoba, Idaho and N. Mex. May-July. 



18. NOTHOCALAIS Greene. 



Perennial herbs, with basal tufted narrow undulate or crisped, tomentose-mar- 

 gined leaves, and large heads of yellow flowers solitary at the ends of simple 

 naked scapes. Involucre oblong-campanulate, its bracts in 2-4 series, lanceolate, 

 acute, or acuminate, appressed, nearly equal, the margins hyaline. Receptacle 

 flat, alveolate. Rays truncate and 5 -toothed at the apex. Anthers sagittate at the 

 base. Achenes fusiform, contracted or beaked at the summit. lo-ribbed or 10- 

 striate. Pappus of 10-30 white soft unequal narrow scabrous scales, with or with- 

 out some capillary bristles. [Greek, ^ false Calais.] Three known species, of 

 western and central N. A. 



i. Nothocalaiscuspidata (Pursh) Greene. FALSE CALAIS. (I. F. f. 3550.) 

 Leaves linear, long-acuminate, thick, pubescent or glabrate, 1-2 dm. long, 4-10 mm. 

 wide, somewhat conduplicate, their margins conspicuously white-tomentose and 

 crisped, or entire. Scape stout, tomentose, at least above, snorter than or equalling 



