COMPOSITAE. 995 



ous, 5-7 cm. broad; involucre hemispheric; its bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 

 hirsute, ciliate, spreading, often longer than the disk; rays 8-15, light yellow; chaff 

 entire or 3-toothed, pubescent at the apex; achenes glabrous; pappus of 2 subulate 

 awns. In moist woods and along streams, Quebec to Mich., Ga. and Ky. Aug.- 

 Sept. 



23. Helianthus scrophulariifolius Britton, n. sp. FIGWORT SUNFLOWER. 

 Root 3 dm. long, or more, slender. Stem simple, glabrous, and smooth, striate, 

 about I m. high. Leaves rather thin, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 7-12 cm. long, 

 roughish on both sides, 3-nerved, sharply, deeply, and very irregularly toothed, 

 the apex long-acuminate, the base rather gradually narrowed into a ciliate margined 

 petiole 2-4 cm. long, or the uppermost leaves nearly sessile; heads few, on slen- 

 der scabrous peduncles, 6-8 cm. broad; involucral bracts linear to linear-lanceolate, 

 acute, about equalling the disk, not conspicuously ciliate. Hillside thicket north- 

 west of Woodlawn, N. Y. City, E. P. Bicknell. 



24. Helianthus tracheliifolius Mill. THROATWORT SUNFLOWER. (I. F. 

 f. 3914.) Similar to the following species, but the stem usually roughish-pubescent. 

 Leaves short-petioled, ovate-lanceolate, 3-nerved near the base, green both sides, 

 but darker above, generally rougher on the upper surface, the lower ones sharply 

 serrate; branches and peduncles scabrous; heads several, 6-8 cm. broad; bracts 

 of the hemispheric involucre linear-lanceolate, long-acuminate, ciliate and puberu- 

 lent, sometimes foliaceous, and 3 times the length of the disk. In dry soil, Perm, 

 and Ohio to Wis. Aug.-Sept. 



25. Helianthus strumosus L. PALE-LEAVED WOOD SUNFLOWER. (I. F. 

 f. 3915.) Perennial by branched, sometimes tuberous-thickened rootstocks; stem 

 glarbous below, sometimes glaucous, 1-2 m. high, branched above, the branches 

 usually pubescent. Leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, not membranous, rough 

 above, pale and somewhat puberulent or canescent beneath, acuminate, contracted 

 much below the middle and decurrent on the petiole, 3-nerved above the base, 7-20 

 cm. long, 2-4 cm. wide, mostly opposite, the upper often alternate; heads com- 

 monly several. 6-10 cm. broad; involucre hemispheric, its bracts lanceolate or 

 ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, ciliate; rays 5-15; chaff pubescent; achenes nearly 

 glabrous. In dry woods and on banks, Me. and Ont. to Minn., Ga. and Ark. 

 July-Sept. 



Helianthus strum6sus macrophyllus (Willd.) Britton, Leaves finely and densely 

 canescent beneath. Mass, to Penn., Iowa and Miss. 



26. Helianthus hirsutus Raf. STIFF-HAIRED SUNFLOWER. (I. F. f. 3916.) 

 Perennial; stem usually branched, stout, rigid, 6-12 cm. high. Leaves ovate- 

 lanceolate or the upper lanceolate, acuminate at the apex, thick, very rough above, 

 rough-pubescent beneath, 3-nerved, serrate or serrulate, 7-15 cm. long, 1-2.5 cm. 

 wide, nearly all opposite; heads usually several, 5-7 cm. broad; involucre hemi- 

 spheric, its bracts lanceolate, or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, ciliate. mostly puber- 

 ulent, erect or but slightly spreading, equalling or shorter than the disk ; rays 12-15 '> 

 chaff obtusish, pubescent at the summit; achenes oval, rounded at the summit, 

 glabrous; pappus of I or 2 subulate awns. In dry soil, Penn. and Ohio to Wis., 

 south to W. Va., Ga., Kans. and Tex. July-Oct. 



Helianthus hirsutus trachyphyllus T. & G. Leaves thick, very rough on both sides; 

 heads larger; involucral bracts more spreading. Neb. to Ark. 



27. Helianthus laetiflorus Pers. SHOWY SUNFLOWER. (I. F. f. 3917.) 



Perennial; stem scabrous or hispid, leafy, 1-2.8 m. high. Leaves oval-lanceolate or 

 ovate-lanceolate, short-petioled, 3-nerved, rough on both sides, long-acuminate at 

 the apex, serrate or serrulate, 10-25 cm - l n g> l ~6 cm - wide, the upper often alter- 

 nate; heads usually several, 5-10 cm. broad, mostly short-peduncled; bracts of 

 the hemispheric involucre ovate-lanceolate, or oblong-lanceolate, imbricated in only 

 2 or 3 series, ciliate, otherwise nearly glabrous, appressed or but little spreading, 

 shorter than or equalling the disk; rays 15-25. showy; chaff of the receptacle en- 

 tire, or sometimes 3-toothed. On prairies and barrens, Penn. and Ohio to Minn. 

 Aug.-Sept. 



28. Helianthus tomentosus Michx. WOOLLY SUNFLOWER. (I. F. f. 3918.) 

 Perennial ; stem stout, hirsute or hispid, especially above, branched, 1-3 m. 

 high. Leaves rather thin, ovate, or the lower oblong, mostly alternate, 3-ribbed 



