32 FLORA. 



12-25 mm. long when young ; staminate aments 12-18 mm. long ; cones sub- 

 terminal, oval-conic, 3-6 cm. long, usually less than 2 cm. thick while the scales 

 are closed ; scales thickened at the apex, obtuse, rounded and devoid of spine or 

 prickle. In woods, Newf. to Man., Mass., Penn., Wise, and Minn. May-June. 



3. Pinus palustris Mill. LONG-LEAVED PINE. GEORGIA PINE, (I. F. f. 112.) 

 A large tree, sometimes attaining a height of 30 m., the bark nearly smooth. 

 Leaves in 3'$, slender, dark green, clustered at the ends of the branches, 2.5-4 dm. 

 long, with 2 fibro- vascular bundles; sheaths 1.5-3 cm. long; buds long: staminate 

 aments rose-purple, 5-9 cm. long, very conspicuous ; cones terminal, spreading or 

 erect, conic-cylindric, 1-2.5 dm. l n g> 5~8 cm - thick before the scales open ; 

 scales thickened at the apex, with a transverse ridge bearing a short central 

 recurved prickle. In sandy, mostly dry soil, Va. to Fla and Tex., mostly near the 

 coast. March April. 



4. Pinus ponderosa Dougl. WESTERN YELLOW PINE. (I. F. f. 113.) One of 

 the largest trees, attaining a maximum height of nearly 80 m. and a trunk diameter 

 of 5 m. Branches widely spreading or somewhat drooping ; bark light red, scaly ; 

 leaves in 3's (rarely some of them in 2's), rather stout, 1-2.5 dm. l n g slightly 

 scabrous; cones subterminal, very dense, heavy, ovoid-conic, 1-1.5 dm. l n g? 3~4-5 

 cm. thick ; scales much thickened at the apex, the transverse ridge prominent, 

 with a triangular subulate short stout recurved prickle. Mont, to Br. Col., Neb., 

 Tex., Mex. and Cal.; the shorter-leaved eastern form which reaches our area has 

 been distinguished from the western type as var. scopulorum. April-May. 



5. Pinus divaricata (Ait.) Gord. LABRADOR PINE. GRAY PINE. (I. F. f. 114.) 

 A slender tree, usually 12-20 m. high, but sometimes reaching 30 m., and a trunk 

 diameter of I m., the branches spreading, the bark becoming flaky. Leaves in 2's, 

 stout, stiff, more or less curved, spreading or oblique, crowded along the branches, 

 seldom over 3 cm. long ; fibro- vascular bundles 2 ; cones commonly very numer- 

 ous, lateral, oblong-conic, usually upwardly curved, 2.5-5 cm - l n g> J 8-3O mm. 

 thick when mature; scales thickened at the end, the transverse ridge a mere line with 

 a minute central point in place of spine or prickle at maturity ; young scales spiny- 

 tipped. In sandy soil, N. B. to Hudson Bay and the N. W. Terr., south to Me., 

 N. N. Y., N. 111. and Minn. May-June. 



6. Pinus Virginiana Mill. JERSEY PINE. SCRUB PINE. (I. F. f. 115.) A 

 slender tree, usually small, the old bark dark-colored, flaky, the branches spread- 

 ing or drooping. Leaves in 2's, dark green, rather stout and stiff, spreading when 

 old, 3-7 cm. long, with 2 fibro- vascular bundles ; young sheaths rarely more than 

 5 mm. long ; cones commonly few, lateral, recurved when young, spreading when 

 old, oblong-conic, 36 cm. long, their scales somewhat thickened at the apex, 

 the low transverse ridge with a short central more or less recurved prickle. In 

 sandy soil, L. I. to S. C., Ala., S. Ind. and Term. April-May. 



7. Pinus echinata Mill. YELLOW PINE. SPRUCE PINE. (I. F. f. 116.) 

 A forest tree, reaching a maximum height of about 30 m. and a trunk diameter of 

 1.5 m., the branches spreading, the old bark rough in plates. Leaves some in 2 ? s, 

 some in 3's, slender, not stiff, dark green, 7-13 cm. long, spreading when mature; 

 fibro-vascular bundles 2 ; young sheaths !O-l6 mm. long ; cones lateral, oblong- 

 conic, about 5 cm. long, usually less than 2.5 cm. thick when the scales are closed; 

 scales thickened at the apex, marked with a prominent transverse ridge and armed 

 with a slender, nearly straight, deciduous prickle. In sandy soil, S. N. Y. to Fla., 

 111., Kans. and Tex. Produces shoots from stumps. May-June. 



8. Pinus pungens Michx.f. TABLE-MOUNTAIN PINE. HICKORY PINE. 

 (I. F. f. 117.) A tree with a maximum height of about 20 m. and trunk diameter 

 of I m., the branches spreading, the old rough bark in flakes. Leaves mostly in 

 2*s, some in 3*5, stout and stiff, light green, 6-10 cm. long, crowded on the twigs ; 

 fibro-vascular bundles 2 ; young sheaths 10-16 mm. long ; cones lateral, usually 

 clustered, long-persistent, ovoid, 8-12 cm. long, 5-7 cm. thick, while the scales 

 are closed, nearly globular when these are expanded ; scales thick, woody, their 

 ends with a large elevated transverse ridge, centrally tipped by a stout reflexed or 

 spreading spine 4-5 mm. long. In woods, sometimes forming forests, W. N. J. and 

 Cent. Pa. to Ga. and Tenn. May. 



9. Pinus Taeda L. LOBLOLLY PINE. OLD-FIELD PINE. (I. F. f. 118.) 

 A forest tree, reaching a height of 50 m. and a trunk diameter of 1.6 m., the 



