248 FLORA. 



wide, in low plants often much narrower; inflorescence with blade-bearing leaves 

 at the lower nodes; flowers inserted singly on its branches; perianth-parts 4-7 mm, 

 long, lanceolate, acuminate, equal; stamens usually 6, sometimes 3; anthers shorter 

 than the filaments; capsule about two-thirds as long as the perianth, narrowly ob- 

 long, obtuse, mucronate, 3-celled; seed broadly oblong, with straight tips, minutely 

 reticulate in 30-40 longitudinal rows. A cosmopolitan species, occurring through- 

 out N. Am., except the extreme north. 



9. Juncus trifidus L. HIGHLAND RUSH. (I. F. f. 927.) Tufted, 1-3 dm. 

 high; stems about 0.5 mm. thick; basal leaves almost bladeless sheaths, the upper- 

 most with a rudimentary blade and fimbriate auricles; stem leaf I, near the inflo- 

 rescence, with a narrower blade; inflorescence a cluster of 1-3 flowers, the lowest 

 subtending bract similar to the stem leaf; perianth dark brown, 2.5-3.5 mm - l n g 

 stamens 6; capsule equalling the perianth, coriaceous, 3-celled, obovoid, mucro- 

 nate-aristate ; seeds few, narrowly obovoid, acute at the base, irregularly angled, 

 minutely striate both longitudinally and transversely. Greenland and Lab., south 

 on the higher mountains of N. Eng. and N. Y. Also in northern Europe and Asia. 



10. Juncus Gerardi Lois. BLACK-GRASS. (I. F. f. 928.) Tufted, 2-7.5 dm - 

 high, with creeping rootstocks. Basal leaves with rather loosely clasping auricu- 

 late sheaths; cauline leaves usually I or 2, similar to the basal; inflorescence pan- 

 iculate; perianth 2-2.5 mm. long, its parts oblong, obtuse, with green midrib and 

 dark brown margins, straw-colored in age; stamens 6, barely exceeded by the 

 perianth; anthers much longer than the filaments; capsule longer than the perianth, 

 obovoid, mucronate, shining, 3-celled ; seed dark brown, obovate, acute at base, 

 obtuse and often depressed at the summit, marked by 12-16 conspicuous ribs, the 

 intervening spaces cross-lined. On salt meadows, Gulf of St. Lawrence to Fla.; 

 rare in W. N. Y. and the vicinity of the Great Lakes. Occurs also on the north- 

 west coast, and in Europe. 



11. Juncus tenuis Willd. SLENDER RUSH. YARD RUSH. (I. F. f. 929.) 

 Tufted, 2-7.5 dm. high basal leaves with blades 0.5-1.5 mm. wide, sometimes 

 involute in drying; stem leaves none; inflorescence usually much exceeded by its 

 lowest leaf, i dm. high or less; perianth 3.5-5 mm. long, its parts lanceolate, acu- 

 minate, widely divergent, touching the capsule for about half their length; stamens 

 6, about half as long as the perianth; capsule oblong to obovoid, rounded at the 

 top, imperfectly 3-celled; seed 0.4-0.5 mm. long, narrowly oblong to obovoid, with 

 oblique ends, reticulated in about 16 rows. In dry or moist soil, almost through- 

 out N. Am., now migrating to all parts of the world. Variable. 



12. Juncus secundus Beauv. SECUND RUSH. (I. F. f. 930.) Tufted, 1.5- 

 4dm. high; leaves usually less than one -third the height of the plant; inflores- 

 cence 2-10 cm. high, the flowers secund on the branches; perianth-parts 2.5- 

 3.5 mm. long, equalling or barely exceeding the capsule and appressed to it for 

 about two-thirds their length; stamens 6, about one-half as long as the perianth; 

 capsule narrowly ovoid, 3-sided above the middle with straight sides and a trun- 

 cate apex, completely 3-celled, the placentae meeting in the axis; seed 0.3-0.4 mm. 

 long, narrowly oblong to ovoid, obliquely tipped, with 12-16 longitudinal rows of 

 areolse. In dry soil, Me. (according to Fernald), N. J., Penn. to N. Car., and 

 occasional in the middle Miss. Valley. 



13. Juncus Vaseyi Engelm. VASEY'S RUSH. (I. F. f. 931.) Tufted. 3- 

 6 dm. high; basal leaves with minutely auriculate sheaths, the uppermost bearing 

 a terete channeled blade; stem leaves none; inflorescence 4 cm. in height or less, 

 4-40- flowered; perianth 3-4 mm. long, the parts subulate-lanceolate, with hyaline 

 margins; stamens 6; anthers shorter than the filaments; style almost wanting; 

 stigmas short; capsule slightly exceeding the perianth, narrowly oblong, obtuse or 

 truncate, with a short tip, 3-celled; seed long-tailed, with a linear-oblong oblique 

 body about 0.5 mm. long, 2O-24-ribbed. Me. and Ont. to Mich., 111. and Iowa. 



14. Juncus Greenei Oakes & Tuckerm. GREENE'S RUSH. (I. F. f. 932.) 

 Tufted, 2-6 dm. high. Basal leaves with terete channeled blades one-half to two- 

 thirds the length of the stem; panicle 2-4 cm. high, rather compact, much exceeded 

 by its lowest bract; perianth 2.5-3 mm. long, its parts stiff, lanceolate, sharply 

 acute, with brownish red stripes and apex, the inner shorter; stamens 6; anthers 

 about as long as the filaments; capsule one-fourth to one-half longer than the peri- 

 anth, ovate-lanceolate, truncate, 3-celled; seed obliquely oblong, 0.4-0.5 mm. long, 



