A MA RA N THA CEA E. 3 79 



6. Amaranthus Torreyi (A. Gray) Benth. TURKEY'S AMARANTH. (I. F. f. 

 1403.) Glabrous or nearly so; stem erect, grooved, 6-10 dm. tall. Leaves lance- 

 olate or rhombic-lanceolate, thin, narrowed above to a rather blunt apex, mostly 

 cuneate at the base, 4-10 cm. long, slender-petioled; flowers dioecious, in terminal 

 slender spikes and in axillary clusters; bracts shorter than or about equalling the 5 

 sepals, cuspidate; sepals of the pistillate flowers obovate or broadly spatulate, 

 clawed, obtuse or emarginate, those of the staminate flowers narrower and subacute. 

 In dry soil, W. Neb. to Nev., south to Mex. Plant with the aspect of Acnida. 

 June- Aug. 



7. Amaranthus Palmeri S. Wats. PALMER'S AMARANTH. (I. F. f. 1404.) 

 Somewhat similar to the preceding; stem slender, branched, 6-10 dm. tall, usually 

 pubescent above. Leaves ovate, rhombic- ovate or the upper lanceolate, blunt, nar- 

 rowed at the base, slender-petioled; flowers dioecious, in elongated spikes often 

 2 cm. long or more, and some of them commonly in clusters in the upper axils; 

 bracts subulate, spiny-awned, spreading, twice as long as the sepals; sepals 5, 

 spatulate, clawed. In dry soil, Kans. to Tex. and Mex., west to Cal. June-Sept. 



8. Amaranthus lividus L. PURPLISH AMARANTH. (I. F. f. 1405.) Glabrous, 

 rather succulent, purplish-green; stem slender, 3-9 dm. tall. Leaves ovate, entire, 

 2-8 cm. long, strongly emarginate, narrowed at the base, slender-petioled; flowers 

 monoecious or polygamous, in dense terminal spikes and in capitate axillary clusters; 

 bracts shorter than the 2 or 3 oblong or spatulate sepals; utricle smooth, longer than 

 the sepals. In waste places, E. Mass, to S. N. Y. Adventive from tropical America. 

 July-Sept. 



9. Amaranthus deflexus L. Low AMARANTH. (I. F. f. 1406.) Glabrous, 

 purplish-green; stem usually much branched, 3-10 dm. tall. Leaves ovate or 

 oval, obtuse retuse or emarginate, mostly narrowed at the base, 1-4 cm. wide, 

 slender-petioled ; flowers polygamous in dense, thick terminal spikes and capitate 

 in the axils; bracts shorter than the 2 or 3 oblong or spatulate sepals; utricle 

 fleshy, 3-5 -nerved, smooth, rather shorter than the sepals. In waste places and 

 ballast along the coast, Mass, to S. N. Y. Also in Cal. Probably adventive 

 from tropical America. July-Sept. 



10. Amaranthus crispus (Lesp. & Thev.) Braun. CRISP- LEAVED AMARANTH. 

 (I. F. f. 1407.) Pubescent ; stem copiously branched, slender, spreading, form- 

 ing mats 2-7 dm. in diameter. Leaves oblong or lanceolate, mostly acute at the 

 apex and narrowed at the base, petioled, 8-25 mm. long, their margins remarkably 

 crisped; flowers in small axillary clusters; bracts lanceolate, cuspidate, shorter than 

 the 5 spatulate spreading sepals; stamens (always?) 3; utricle wrinkled, about as 

 long as the sepals. In waste places, N. Y. City, and Albany, N. Y. Also in 

 France. Native region unknown. June Sept. 



n. Amaranthus pumilus Raf. COAST AMARANTH. (I. F. f. 1408.) Gla- 

 brous, fleshy, branched, the branches 0.5-2 dm. long. Leaves ovate, rhombic- 

 ovate or suborbicular, most of them clustered toward the ends of the branches, 

 obtuse or emarginate, narrowed or rounded at the base, prominently veined; 6-20 

 mm. long, the veins often purple ; flowers few in small axillary clusters; bracts 

 lanceolate, subacute, shorter than the 5 oblong obtuse sepals; stamens 5; anthers 

 yellow; utricle fleshy, faintly 5-ribbed, slightly wrinkled, nearly twice as long as 

 the sepals when mature; seed very large for the genus. On sea beaches, R. I. to 

 N. Car. June-Sept. 



2. ACNIDA L. 



Annual, glabrous herbs, similar to the dioecious Amaranths, with alternate peti- 

 oled pinnately veined leaves. Flowers small, green, i-3-bracted, in terminal and 

 axillary spikes, or clustered in the axils. Staminate flowers consisting of 5 scarious 

 erect I -nerved mucronate sepals longer than the bracts, and as many stamens ; 

 filaments subulate, distinct; anthers 2-celled. Pistillate flowers without a calyx; 

 stigmas 2-5, papillose or plumose. Seed erect, smooth and shining. [Greek, 

 without nettle.] About 4 species, natives of eastern North America and the West 

 Indies. 



Utricle fleshy, angled, indehiscent ; salt-marsh plant. i. A. cannabina. 



Utricle membranous, dehiscent or indehiscent, not angled ; plants of fresh-water swamps. 



2. A. tamariscina. 



