ROSACEAE. 493 



5-lobed. Petals as many as the calyx-lobes. Stamens numerous, inserted on the 

 calyx ; filaments filiform. Pistils usually 3, alternate with the calyx-lobes. 

 Follicles glabrous, at length reflexed, usually 2-seeded. Seeds minute, not 

 shining. Two known species, the following of the north temperate zone, the 

 other Japanese. 



i. Aruncus Aruncus (L.) Karst. GOAT'S-BEARD. (I. F. f. 1887.) Glabrous 

 throughout, stem erect, somewhat branched, 1-2 m. high. Leaves long-petioled, 

 the lower 3 dm. long or more; leaflets ovate, lanceolate or oval, thin, acuminate or 

 acute at the apex, rounded or slightly cordate, sharply doubly serrate or incised, 

 3-7 cm. long; inflorescence compound, branches spike-like, elongated; flowers 

 2-4 mm. wide; follicles short. In rich woods, Penn. to Iowa, Ga. and Mo. Also 

 from Ore. to Alaska, and in northern Europe and Asia. May-July. 



4. SORBARIA A. Br. 



Shrubs with stipules, odd-pinnate leaves and white flowers in terminal panicles. 

 Calyx openly campanulate. 5-lobed. Petals 5, obovate or oblong. Stamens 20- 

 40; pistils mostly 5, united at the base. Carpels not inflated. Seeds several, pen- 

 dulous, with endosperm. About 4 Asiatic closely related species. 



i. Sorbaria sorbifolia (L.) A. Br. MOUNTAIN- ASH SPIRAEA. Large shrub, 

 pubescent when young, glabrate in age. Leaflets 13-21, lanceolate, acuminate, 

 sharply and doubly serrate, dark green. Native of Siberia, often cultivated for 

 ornament and escaped in the Middle States. June-Sept. 



5 PORTERANTHUS Britton. 



Erect perennial herbs, with nearly sessile stipulate 3-foliolate or 3-parted 

 leaves, and white or pinkish perfect flowers in loose terminal panicles. Calyx 

 cylindric, persistent, narrowed at the throat, lO-nerved, 5 -toothed, the teeth im- 

 bricated, slightly glandular. Petals 5, linear-lanceolate, spreading, convolute in 

 the bud, somewhat unequal, inserted on the calyx. Stamens 10-20, included; 

 filaments short; anthers large. Carpels 5, villous-pubescent, opposite the calyx- 

 lobes. Ovules ascending; style filiform. Follicles 5, 2-4-seeded. Seeds with 

 endosperm. [In honor of Thomas Conrad Porter, Professor in Lafayette College.] 

 Only the following species. 



Leaflets serrate; stipules subulate, mainly entire. i. P. trifoliatus. 



Leaflets incised; stipules broad, foliaceous, incised. 2. P. stipulates. 



1. Porteranthus trifoliatus (L.) Britton. INDIAN PHYSIC. BOWMAN'S- 

 ROOT. (I. F. f. 1888.) Herbaceous from a perennial root, erect, branching, 

 6-12 dm. high, glabrous or somewhat pubescent ; leaflets short-stalked, oval, ovate, 

 lanceolate or slightly obovate, acuminate at the apex, narrowed at the base, 5-7 cm. 

 long, irregularly serrate; upper leaves often 3-lobed, or sometimes merely serrate; 

 pedicels slender ; petals white or pinkish, 10-12 mm. long; pods pubescent, subu- 

 late-tipped, little exceeding the calyx. Woodlands, N. Y. to Mich., Ga. and Mo. 

 May-July. 



2. Porteranthus stipulatus (Muhl.) Britton. AMERICAN IPECAC. (I. F. f. 

 1889.) Resembling the preceding species, but generally more pubescent. Stipules 

 foliaceous, broad, ovate, acuminate or acute, 8-25 mm. long, sharply incised-ser- 

 rate; leaflets commonly narrower than those of the preceding, incised-serrate, or 

 those of the lower leaves deeply pinnatifid; pods less pubescent or sometimes quite 

 glabrous. In woods, western N. Y. to Ind. and Kans., south to Ala., La. and the 

 Ind. Terr. June-July. 



6. RUBUS L. 



Perennial herbs, shrubs or trailing vines, often prickly, with alternate simple 

 lobed or 3-7-foliolate leaves, the stipules adnate to the petiole. Flowers terminal 

 or axillary, solitary, racemose or panicled, white, pink or purple, perfect or some- 

 times dioecious. Calyx persistent, not bracted, deeply 5 -parted, its tube short and 

 broad. Petals 5, deciduous. Stamens oo , usually numerous, inserted on the 

 calyx, distinct. Carpels oo , rarely few, inserted on a convex or elongated recep- 

 tacle, ripening into drupelets and forming an aggregate fruit. Ovules 2, one abor- 

 tive. Style nearly terminal, slender. Seed pendulous. [The ancient name of the 



