494 FLORA. 



bramble, from ruber, red.] About 250 species, of wide geographic distribution, 

 most abundant in the north temperate zone. Besides the following, some 10 others 

 occur in N. Am. beyond our area. The stems of many species are biennial. 



A. Leaves simple, crenate or palmately lobed. 



Shrubby, 6-15 dm. high, branched; flowers corymbose. 

 Flowers numerous, red-purple. 



Lobes of the leaves broadly triangular, dentate. i . R. odoratus. 



Lobes of the leaves lanceolate, incised-dentate. 2. R. Columbianus. 



Flowers few, white; western. 3. R, parviflorus. 



Herbaceous, 8-25 cm. high, simple ; flowers solitary, white. 4. R. Chamaemorus. 



B. Leaves 3-7-foliolate. 

 I. Fruit falling away from the dry receptacle. RASPBERRIES. 



Herbaceous, usually unarmed, i-3-flowered ; leaves not white beneath. 



Petals pink, spreading. 5. R. arcticus. 



Petals white, erect. 6. R. Americanus. 

 Shrubby; many-flowered; leaves white-pubescent beneath. 



Stems bristly, not glaucous; fruit light red. 7. R. strigosus. 



Stems prickly, slightly glaucous ; fruit dark red. 8. R. neglectus. 



Stems prickly, very glaucous; fruit purple-black. 9. R. occidentalis. 



2. Fruit persistent on the fleshy receptacle. BLACKBERRIKS and DEWBERRIES. 



* Erect, recurved or ascending ; fruit black. 



Leaflets laciniate or deeply incised. 10. R. laciniatus. 



Leaflets serrate or slightly incised. 



Leaves white-woolly beneath. n. R. cuneifolius. 



Leaves not white-woolly beneath. 



Inflorescence distinctly glandular. 



Fruit broadly oval or nearly spherical, very pulpy. 



12. R. nigrobaccus. 



Fruit narrowly oblong or thimble-shaped. 13. R. Allegheniensis. 



Inflorescence and leaves decidedly villous, scarcely glandular. 



Terminal leaflet one-half longer than the lateral ones, oblong or oblong- 

 ovate. 14. R. oslryifolius. 

 Terminal leaflet slightly larger than the lateral ones, obovate or rhombic- 



obovate. 15. R./rondosus. 



Inflorescence slightly villous. 



Plant low, almost herbaceous, weakly prickly. 16. R. Randii. 

 Plants tall and shrubby. 



Plant strongly prickly. 17. R. argutus. 



Plant unarmed or with a few weak prickles. 18. R. Canadensi 



* * Trailing or decumbent. 



t Stem prickly (no. 19 also bristly) ; fruit black. 

 Leaves thick, coriaceous, persistent. 



Flowers corymbose; stem very bristly; leaves, except those of the flowering 



branchlets, 5-foliolate. 19. R. rubrisetus. 



Flowers 1-3; stem scarcely bristly; leaves mostly 3-foliolate. 



20. R. trivialis. 

 Leaves thin, deciduous. 



Inflorescence usually many-flowered. 



Flowers generally over 3 cm. in diameter; inflorescence generally glan- 

 dular ; terminal leaflet of sterile shoots rounded or cordate at the base. 

 Leaflets simply serrate. 21. R. invisus. 



Leaflets sharply doubly serrate. 22. R. roribaccus. 



Flowers generally less than 3 cm. in diameter; inflorescence not glan- 

 dular; terminal leaflet of the sterile shoots cuneate or obtuse at the base. 

 Terminal leaflet one-half longer than the lateral ones, oblong or 



oblong-ovate, acute. 14. R. ostryifolius. 



Terminal leaflet only slightly longer than the lateral ones, ovate, 



acuminate. 23. R. procumbens. 



Inflorescence usually i-2-flowered. 



Leaflets cuneate at the base; glabrous. 



Leaflets sharply serrate with triangular teeth. 



24. R. subuniflorus. 



Leaflets crenate-serrate with ovate teeth. 25. R. Ensleni. 

 Leaflets rounded or cordate at the base, pubescent beneath. 



26. R. Baileyanus. 



