VITACEAE. 613 



3. CEANOTHUS L. 



Shrubs, with petioled leaves and cymose panicles of small perfect flowers. 

 Calyx-limb 5-lobed. Petals 5, hooded, clawed, longer than the calyx-lobes, inserted 

 under the disk. Stamens 5 ; filaments filiform, elongated. Ovary immersed in the 

 disk and adnate to it at the base, 3-lobed. Disk adnate to the calyx. Style short, 

 3-cleft. Fruit dry, 3-lobed, separating at maturity into 3 nutlets. Seed-coat 

 smooth; endosperm fleshy; cotyledons oval or obovate. [Name used by Theo- 

 phrastus for some different plant. ] About 35 species, of N. Am. and northern Mex. 



Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pubescent. i. C. Americanus. 



Leaves oblong or oval-lanceolate. 2. C. ovatus. 



1. Ceanothus Americanus L. NEW JERSEY TEA. RED-ROOT. (I. F. f. 

 2396. ) Stems erect or ascending from a deep reddish root, puberulent, especially 

 above. Leaves 2.5-7.5 cm. long, 1.25-2.5 cm. wide, acute or acuminate at the 

 apex, obtuse or subcordate at the base, serrate all around, strongly 3 -nerved; pe- 

 duncles elongated, often leafy, bearing dense oblong cymose panicles of small white 

 flowers; fruit depressed, about 4 mm. high, nearly black. In dry open woods. 

 Me. and Ont. to Manitoba, Kans., Fla. and Tex. May-July. 



2. Ceanothus ovatus Desf. SMALLER RED-ROOT. (I. F. f. 2397.) Similar 

 to the preceding, but generally smaller and nearly glabrous. Leaves 2.5-5 cm - 

 long, 6-18 mm. wide, mainly obtuse at each end, but sometimes acute at the apex, 

 serrate with prominently gland-tipped teeth; peduncles short, nearly always ter- 

 minal, bearing dense short cymose panicles of white flowers; fruit nearly as in 



C. Americanus. In rocky places and on prairies, Ont. to Minn., S. Dak., Mass., 



D. C., 111. and Tex. May-June. 



Ceanothus ovatus pubescens T. & G. Leaves, petioles and peduncles densely 

 pubescent. Iowa to Kans. and Tex. 



Family 2. VITACEAE Lindl. 

 Grape Family. 



Climbing or erect shrubs, with copious watery sap, 'nodose joints, 

 alternate petioled leaves, and small regular greenish perfect or polygamo- 

 dicecious flowers, in panicles, racemes or cymes. Calyx entire or 4-5- 

 toothed. Petals 4-5, separate or coherent, valvate, caducous. Filaments 

 subulate, inserted at the base of the disk or between its lobes ; disk some- 

 times obsolete or wanting ; anthers 2-celled. Ovary i, generally immersed 

 in the disk, 2-6-celled ; ovules 1-2 in each cavity, ascending, anatropous. 

 Fruit a i-6-cclled berry (commonly 2-celled). Seeds erect; testa bony ; 

 raphe generally distinct ; endosperm cartilaginous ; embryo short. About 

 10 genera and 450 species, widely distributed. 



Hypogynous disk present, annular or cup-shaped, lobed or glandular ; leaves not digitately 



compound in our species. 



Petals united into a cap, falling away without separating. i. Vitis. 



Petals separate, spreading. 



Foliage not fleshy, flowers mostly 5-parted. 2. Ampelopsis. 



Foliage fleshy; flowers mostly 4-parted. 3. Cissus. 



Hypogynous disk obsolete or wanting ; leaves digitately compound in our species, the 

 leaflets 5-7. 4- Parthenocissus. 



i. VITIS L. 



Woody vines, rarely shrubby, mostly with tendrils. Leaves simple, usually 

 palmately lobed or dentate. Stipules mainly small, caducous. Flowers mostly 

 dioecious, or polygamo-dioecious, rarely perfect. Petals hypogynous or perigynous, 

 coherent in a cap and deciduous without expanding. Ovary 2-celled, rarely 3-4- 

 celled; style very short, conic; ovules 2 in each cavity. Berry globose or ovoid, 

 few-seeded, pulpy, edible in most species. [The ancient Latin name.] About 40 

 species, natives of warm and temperate regions. In addition to the following, some 

 IO or 15 others occur in the southern and western U. S. 



