8 14 FLORA. 



6. SOLANUM L. 



Herbs or shrubs, often stellate-pubescent, sometimes climbing. Flowers 

 cymose, umbelliform, paniculate, or racemose. Calyx campanulate or rotate, 

 mostly 5 -toothed or 5 -cleft. Corolla rotate, the limb plaited, 5 -angled or 5-lobed, 

 the tube very short. Stamens inserted on the throat of the corolla; filaments 

 short; anthers linear or oblong, acute or acuminate, connate or connivent into a 

 cone, each sac dehiscent by a terminal pore, or sometimes by a short introse 

 terminal slit, or sometimes also longitudinally. Ovary usually 2 -celled; stigma 

 small. Berry mostly globose, the calyx either persistent at its base or enclosing it. 

 [Name, according to Wittstein, from solamen, quieting.] About 900 species, of 

 wide geographic distribution. Besides the following, some 15 others occur in the 

 southern and western U. S. 



* Glabrous or pubescent herbs, not prickly. 

 Plants green ; pubescence simple, or some of it stellate; flowers white. 



Leaves repand or entire: ripe berries black. i. S. nigrum. 



Leaves deeply pinnatifid; ripe berries green. 2. S. triflorum. 



Plant silvery stellate-canescent : flowers violet. 4. S, elaeagnifolium. 



* * Stellate-pubescent and prickly herbs. 



Berry not enclosed by the calyx; perennials. 



Hirsute; leaves ovate or oblong, sinuate or pinnatifid. 3. S. Carolinense. 



Densely silvery- canescent ; leaves linear or oblong, repand or entire. 



4. S. elaeagnifolium. 



Pubescent; leaves ovate, s-y-lobed. 5. 6". Torreyi. 



Berry invested by the spiny calyx; annuals. 



Plant densely stellate-pubescent; corolla yellow. 6. S. rostratum. 



Plant glandular-pubescent, with few stellate hairs; corolla violet. 



7. S. heterodoxum. 



* * * Climbing vine, not prickly; leaves hastate or 3-lobed. 8. S. Dulcamara. 



1. Solatium nigrum L. BLACK OR GARDEN NIGHTSHADE. (I. F. f. 3211.) 

 Annual, glabrous, or somewhat pubescent with simple hairs, 3-8 dm. high. 

 Leaves ovate, petioled, more or less inequilateral, 2-8 cm. long, thin, acute, acumi- 

 nate or acutish at the apex; peduncles lateral, umbellately 3-10- flowered; pedicels 

 6-14 mm. long; flowers 8-10 mm. broad; calyx-lobes oblong, obtuse, much shorter 

 than the corolla, persistent at the base of the berry; filaments somewhat pubes- 

 cent; anthers obtuse; berries glabrous, globose, 8-10 mm. in diameter, on nodding 

 peduncles. In wa?te places or cultivated soil,- N. S. to the N. W. Terr., Fla. and 

 Tex. Widely distributed as a weed. July-Oct. 



2. Solatium triflorum Nutt. CUT-LEAVED NIGHTSHADE. (I. F. f. 3212.) 

 Annual, sparingly pubescent with simple hairs, or glabrous, 3-9 dm. high. 

 Leaves acute, petioled, 5-10 cm. long, the lobes triangular-lanceolate, entire or 

 dentate, the sinuses rounded; peduncles lateral, i-3-flowered; pedicels reflexed 

 in fruit; calyx-segments lanceolate, shorter than the corolla, persistent at the base 

 of the berry; corolla 8-10 mm. broad; anthers obtuse; berries globose, glabrous, 

 about 10 mm. in diameter. On prairies and in waste places, western Ont. to the 

 N. W. Terr., Kans. and Ariz. May-Oct. 



3. Solanum Carolinense L. HORSE-NETTLE. (I. F. f. 3213.) Stellate- 

 pubescent with 4-8-rayed hairs; stem -erect, branched, 3-12 dm. high, armed with 

 straight subulate yellow prickles. Leaves oblong or ovate, repand, lobed, or pin- 

 natifid, 5-15 cm. long; flowers cymose-racemose ; pedicels 6-14 mm. long, re- 

 curved in fruit; calyx-lobes lanceolate, acuminate, about one-half the length of the 

 corolla, persistent at the base of the berry; corolla-lobes ovate-lanceolate, acute; 

 anthers elongated; berries orange-yellow, glabrous, 1.5-2 cm. in diameter. In 

 dry fields and in waste places, Ont. to Mass., Fla., 111., Neb. and Tex. May-Sept. 



4. Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. SILVER-LEAVED NIGHTSHADE. (I. F. f. 

 3214.) Perennial, finely stellate-pubescent, silvery-canescent all over; stem 3- 

 9 dm. high, armed with sharp prickles, or these wanting. Leaves lanceolate, 

 oblong, or linear, petioled, 2-10 cm. long, mostly obtuse, repand-dentate or entire; 

 flowers cymose, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad; peduncles short and stout; calyx-lobes lanceo- 

 late or linear-lanceolate, acute; anthers linear; ovary white-tomentose ; berries 



