VA LERIA NA CEA E, 8 79 



obtuse lobes, reticulate-veined, 5-25 cm. long; stem leaves 3 or 4 pairs, petioled, 

 sparingly hairy when young, pinnately parted into 3-13 ovate to lanceolate, den- 

 tate or rarely entire segments; inflorescence cymose-paniculate; flowers pink or 

 nearly white, 6-8 mm. long; bracts linear-lanceolate; fruit ovate, glabrous, 4-5 

 mm. long. In wet soil, Me. to N. Y., Ont. and Mich. May- Aug. \V. sylvatica 

 ^tliginosa T. & G. ; V. sylvatica Beck, not Banks.] 



4. Valeriana septentripnalis Rydb. NORTHERN VALERIAN. Erect, perfectly 

 glabrous throughout or the inflorescence minutely puberulent, 2-4 dm. high. Basal 

 leaves petioled, spatulate or oval, 2-10 cm. long, entire; stem-leaves usually 3 

 pairs, the lower petioled, the upper sessile; segments 5-7, oval to linear -lanceolate, 

 entire or merely undulate on the margins; inflorescence cymose-paniculate, in 

 flower usually congested, flowers white, about 5 mm. long; fruit glabrous, 3-4 

 mm. long. In wet soil on hillsides, Newf., subarctic America to Br. Col. and 

 south in the Rockies to N. Mex. \V. sylvatica Banks; not F. W. Scmidt.] 



5. Valeriana officinalis L. GARDEN VALERIAN. (I. F. f. 3474.) Erect, 

 6-15 dm. high. Leaves pinnately parted into 7-25 thin reticulate-veined lanceo- 

 late acute or acuminate segments, sharply dentate, or those of the upper leaves en- 

 tire, usually with some scattered hairs beneath; flowers pink or nearly white, about 

 4 mm. long; inflorescence of several rather compact corymbed cymes; bracts linear- 

 lanceolate; fruit glabrous, ovate, about 3 mm. long. Escaped from gardens to road- 

 sides, N. Y. and N. J. Native of Europe and Asia. June -Aug. 



a. VALERIANELLA Poll. 



Annual dichotomously branched herbs, the basal leaves tufted, entire, those of 

 the stem sessile, often dentate, the flowers in compact or capitate cymes, in our 

 species corymbed or panicled. Corolla small, white, blue, or pink, nearly regular. 

 Calyx-limb short or obsolete in flower, often none. Corolla-tube narrowed at the 

 base, the limb spreading, 5-lobed. Stamens 3; style minutely 3-lobed at the sum- 

 mit. Fruit 3 -celled, 2 of the cells empty, and in our species about as large as the 

 fertile one. [Name a diminutive of Valerian.] About 50 species, of the northern 

 hemisphere. Besides the following, some 8 others occur in western N. Am. 



Corolla funnelform, the short tube not longer than the limb or about equalling it. 



Fruit flattened, twice as broad as thick. i. V. Locust a, 



Fruit triangular-pyramidal. 2. V. chenopodifolia. 

 Fruit oblong-tetragonal or ovoid-tetragonal, grooved. 



Groove of the fruit broad and shallow. 3. V. radiata. 



Groove of the fruit narrow. 4. V. stenocarpa* 



Fruit globose or saucer-shaped. 5. V. Woodsiana. 



Corolla salverform, the slender tube much longer than the limb. 6. V. longiflora. 



1. Valerianella Locusta (L.) Bettke. EUROPEAN CORN SALAD. (I. F. 

 f. 3475.) Glabrous, or pubescent at the nodes, 1.5-3 dm. high, usually repeated- 

 ly forked. Basal leaves spatulate or oblanceolate, rounded and obtuse at the apex, 

 3-5 cm. long, entire; upper stem leaves oblong- lanceolate, usually dentate; ped- 

 uncles short; cymes 6-12 mm. broad, almost capitate; bracts linear or linear-ob- 

 long; corolla blue, about 2 mm. long; fruit flattened, rounded on the edges, 2 mm. 

 long, glabrous, depressed.orbicular in outline, the two empty cavities smaller than 

 the fertile one, which has a corky mass at its back. In waste places, N. Y., N. J. 

 and Penn. to Va. and La. Nat. from Europe. April-July. 



2. Valerianella chenopodiiolia (Pursh) DC. GOOSE-FOOT CORN SALAD. 

 (L F. f. 3476.) Glabrous, 3-6 dm. high. Leaves entire, or the basal and lower 

 ones repand, spatulate, obtuse; upper stem leaves oblong or lanceolate, 2.5-8 cm. 

 long; cymes dense, 12-18 mm. broad, at length slender-peduncled; bracts lanceo- 

 late or oblong -lanceolate; corolla white, about 2 mm. long; fruit triangular-pyra- 

 midal, 4 mm. long, 2 mm. thick, glabrous or minutely pubescent, the two empty 

 cavities narrower than the fertile one but about as deep. In moist soil, western 

 N. Y. to Va., Wis. and Ky. May-July. 



3. Valerianella radiata (L.) Dufr. BEAKED CORN SALAD. (I. F. f. 3477.) 

 Glabrous, or minutely pubescent below, 1.5-4.5 dm. high. Basal and lower leaves 

 spatulate, obtuse, entire, the upper lanceolate, usually dentate; cymes 8-12 mm. 

 broad, dense; bracts small, lanceolate or oblong -lanceolate; corolla white, 2 mm. 

 long; fruit finely pubescent or sometimes glabrous, 2 mm. long, i mm. thick, the 



