C1CHORIA CEA . 89 1 



at the base. Style -branches slender, obtushish. Achenes 5-angled or 5-ribbed, 

 truncate, not beaked. Pappus of 2 or 3 series of short blunt scales. [From the 

 Arabic name.] About 8 species, natives of the Old World. 



i. Cichorium Intybus L. CHICORY. WILD SUCCORY. BLUE SAILORS. 

 BUNK. (I. F. f. 3513.) Perennial from a long deep tap-root; stems slightly his- 

 pid, stiff, much branched, 3-9 dm. high. Basal leaves spreading on the ground, 

 runcinate-pinnatifid, spatulate in outline, 7-15 cm. long, narrowed into long peti- 

 oles ; upper leaves much smaller, lanceolate or oblong, lobed or entire, clasping 

 and auricled at the base; heads numerous, 25-37 mm. broad, 1-4 together in ses- 

 sile clusters on the nearly naked or bracted branches; inner bracts of the involu- 

 cre about 8. Roadsides, fields and waste places, N. S. to Minn., N. Car., Neb. 

 and Kans. The ground-up root is used as a substitute or adulterant for coffee. 

 July-Oct. 



Cichorium Intybus divaricatum DC. Some or all the heads on stout spreading 

 peduncles 2-10 cm. long. Frequent with the type. 



2. LAPSANA L. 



Annual erect branching herbs, with alternate dentate or pinnatifid leaves, and 

 small panicled slender-peduncled heads of yellow flowers. Involucre nearly cylin- 

 dric, its principal bracts in I series, nearly equal, with a few exterior small ones 

 at the base. Receptacle flat, naked. Rays truncate and 5 -toothed at the apex. 

 Anthers sagittate at the base. Style-branches slender. Achenes obov ate -oblong, 

 2O~3O-nerved, somewhat flattened, narrowed bjelow, rounded at the summit. Pap- 

 pus none. [Greek, lampsana, the name of a crucifer. ] About 9 species, natives 

 of the Old World. 



i. Lapsana communis L. NIPPLEWORT. SUCCORY DOCK-CRESS. (I. F. f. 

 3514.) Stem paniculately branched, glabrous above, more or less hispid-pubes- 

 cent below, 3-10 dm. high. Lower leaves ovate, repand-dentate, obtuse, thin, 

 pubescent, or glabrate, petioled, 5-10 cm. long, often with 2-6 lobes on the peti- 

 ole, the uppermost oblong or lanceolate, sessile, acute, much smaller, mostly en- 

 tire; heads very numerous, 6-12 mm. broad; involucre oblong-cylindric, 4-6 mm. 

 high, of about 8 linear glaucous principal bracts and several very small outer ones. 

 Along roadsides and in waste places, Quebec and Ont. to N. J. and Penn. Also on 

 the Pacific Coast. Nat. from Europe. June-Sept. 



3. SERINIA Raf. 



Low glaucescent branching annual herbs, with alternate clasping entire or 

 lobed leaves, or those of the stem sometimes appearing as if opposite, and few 

 small long-peduncled heads of yellow flowers. Involucre broadly campanulate, 

 its bracts about 8, equal, membranous, becoming concave after flowering. Recep- 

 tacle flat, naked. Rays truncate and 5-toothed at the apex. Anthers sagittate at 

 the base. Style -branches slender. Achenes obovoid, 8-io-ribbed, contracted at 

 the base, rounded at the summit. Pappus none, or a mere vestige. [Greek, 

 small chicory.] Three known species of the southern U. S. 



i. Serinia oppositifolia (Raf.) Kuntze. SERINIA. (I. F. f. 3515.) Gla- 

 brous throughout, or slightly glandular-pubescent along the ends of the peduncles, 

 branched from the base, 10-25 cm. high. Basal and lower leaves petioled, oblong- 

 lanceolate or spatulate in outline, acute or obtuse, entire, lobed or pinnatifid, 7-12 

 cm. long, 4-12 mm. wide; upper leaves mainly sessile, clasping, alternate, or appear- 

 ing as if opposite, usually entire, smaller; peduncles very slender, sometimes i dm. 

 long; heads 3-4 mm. broad; bracts of the involucre acute or acuminate, about the 

 length of the rays. In fields, Kans. to Tex., N. Car. and Fla. March-May. 



4. ADOPOGON. Neck. 



Herbs, with scapose or leafy stems, basal or alternate leaves, and small or 

 middle-sized heads of yellow or orange flowers, solitary at the end of the scape or 

 its branches. Involucre campanulate, its herbaceous bracts in i or 2 series, with 

 no exterior shorter ones. Receptacle flat, naked. Rays truncate and 5-toothed 

 at the apex. Anthers sagittate at the base. Style-branches slender, obtusish. 

 Achenes turbinate or oblong. i5-2O-ribbed. truncate. Pappus in i or 2 series, the 



