956 FLORA. 



or hispidulous on both sides, rough -margined, those of the stem 3-5 cm. long, 4-8 

 mm. wide, those of the branches gradually smaller; heads corymbose, nearly 25 

 mm. broad; involucre hemispheric, its bracts much imbricated, glandular, aro- 

 matic, linear or linear- oblong, the acute green tips spreading; rays 2030, violet- 

 purple, rarely rose-pink, 6-10 mm. long; pappus light brown; achenes canescent. 

 On prairies and bluffs, central Penn. to Minn.. Neb..Va..Tenn. and Tex. Aug. -Oct. 



30. Aster amethystinus Nutt. AMETHYST ASTER. (I. F. f. 3762.) Re- 

 sembles the preceding species, but is often taller, sometimes 15 dm. high. Leaves 

 often crowded, linear-lanceolate, entire, rough or hispidulous on both sides, partly 

 Clasping, sessile, acute, those of the stem 3-5 cm. long. 4-6 mm. wide; heads rather 

 numerous, racemose or corymbose, 1-2.5 cm. broad; involucre broadly turbinate, 

 its bracts much imbricated, linear, hispid, not glandular, the acutish green tips 

 spreading; rays 20-30, blue-purple, about 6 mm. long; pappus brown; achenes 

 canescent. In moist soil, Mass, to southern N. Y., eastern Penn., 111. and Iowa. 

 Sept. -Oct. 



31. Aster major (Hook.) Porter. GREAT NORTHERN ASTER. (I. F. f. 3763.) 

 Stem stout, leafy to the summit, usually densely pilose-pubescent with many-celled 

 hairs, rarely glabrate, branched above. 12-18 dm. high. Leaves membranous, 

 lanceolate, partly clasping by a narrowed base, acuminate, sharply serrate with 

 low distant teeth, dark green and slightly pubescent above, villous-pubescent on 

 the veins beneath, 7-12 cm. long, 10-20 mm. wide; heads mostly solitary at the 

 ends of short branches, 3.5 cm. broad; involucre hemispheric, its bracts imbri- 

 cated, green, linear-subulate, densely glandular; rays 35-45. purple, 10-14 mm. 

 long; achenes appressed-pubescent ; pappus tawny. In moist soil, western Ont. to 

 Dak., Ore. and Br. Col. Sept.-Oct. 



32. Aster puniceus L. RED-STALK OR PURPLE-STEM ASTER. (I. F. f. 

 3764.) Stem usually stout, reddish, corymbosely or racemosely branched above, 

 hispid with rigid hairs, 925 dm. high. Leaves lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 

 acuminate, sessile and clasping by a broad or narrowed base, sharply serrate, or 

 some of them entire, usually very rough above, pubescent on the midrib beneath, 

 7-15 cm. long, 1-4 cm. wide; heads generally numerous, 2-4 cm. broad; involu- 

 cre nearly hemispheric, its bracts linear or oblong, attenuate, imbricated in about 

 2 'series, glabrous or ciliate, green, loose, spreading, nearly equal, sometimes 

 broadened; rays 20-40, violet purple or pale, 10-14 mm. long, showy; pappus 

 nearly white; achenes pubescent. In swamps, N. S. to western Ont. and Minn., 

 south to N. Car., Ohio and Mich. July-Nov. 



Aster puniceus firmus (Nees) T. & G. Stem sparingly hispid, or glabrous, 6-15 dm. 

 high ; leaves sharply serrate. With the type. 



Aster puniceus "oligocephalus Fernald. Stem seldom over 7 dm. high, glabrate 

 below ; branches of the inflorescence short ; heads few or solitary, large, the outer invo- 

 lucral bracts commonly large and foliaceous. Newf. and Lab. to Ont., N. H. and north- 

 ern N. Y. 



Aster puniceus compdctus Fernald. Stem very hispid ; leaves firm, large, the upper 

 mostly longer than the short branches of the inflorescence; heads compactly clustered, 

 large. Eastern Mass, to Penn. 



Aster puniceus lucidulus A. Gray. Stem nearly or quite glabrous; leaves crowded, 

 entire, or nearly so, thin, glabrous or slightly rough-pubescent. Quebec to N. Eng., 

 Ont. and Mich. 



Aster puniceus CrdwfordJ Porter. Stems slender, in height 7.5-8 dm., somewhat 

 hispid; lower and middle leaves linear and lance-linear, acuminiate, 5-10 cm. long and 

 about 5 mm. broad, becoming revolute, scantily denticulate, very scabrous above, pub- 

 escent on the midribs beneath : the upper ones on the panicle much smaller and ovate. 

 Collected at Tullytown, Bucks County, Pa., by Mr. Joseph Crawford. 



33. Aster tardiflorus L. NORTHEASTERN ASTER. (I. F. f. 3765.) Stem 

 glabrous, slightly pubescent above, or sometimes villous. corymbosely branched 

 near the summit. 3-9 dm. high. Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, serrate 

 with low teeth, or some of them entire, acuminate, narrowed into a clasping base, 

 glabrous or nearly so on both sides, rough ish margined, 7-15 cm. long, 8-20 mm. 

 wide; heads about 25 mm. broad, not very numerous; involucre hemispheric, its 

 outer bracts broad and foliaceous, often 12 mm. long, acute, somewhat unequal; 

 rays 20-30, violet; pappus nearly white; achenes pubescent. Along streams,' 

 Mass, to Lab. Aug. -Oct. 



