COMPOSITAE. 961 



rigid, 5-15 cm. long, 4-8 mm. wide, mostly I -nerved, acute, the lower part com- 

 monly sheathing the stem; heads few or several, racemose or paniculate, 3.5-5 cm. 

 broad; involucre broadly campanulate or hemispheric, its bracts imbricated in about 

 5 series, foliaceous, ciliate, the outer lanceolate, acute, the inner oblong or spatu- 

 late; rays 20-30, deep violet, 1014 mm. l n g> pappus tawny; achenes 8 lo-nerved, 

 glabrous or nearly so. Swamps, Kans. and Mo. to Tex., N. C. and Fla. Aug.-Oct. 



58. Aster nemoralis Ait. BOG ASTER. (I. F. f. 3788.) Stem puberulent, 

 slender, simple, or corymbosely branched above, 1.5-6 dm. high. Leaves sessile, 

 membranous, oblong-lanceolate or linear-oblong, acute at each end, pubescent or 

 puberulent on both sides, dentate or entire, 2-5 cm. long, 3-8 mm. wide, margins 

 often revolute; heads several, or solitary, 25-35 mm. broad, the peduncles slender; 

 involucre hemispheric, its bracts appressed, linear-subulate, acute or acuminate, 

 imbricated in about 3 series; rays 15-25, light violet-purple to rose-pink; achenes 

 glandular-pubescent; pappus white. In sandy bogs, N. J. to northern N. Y., Ont., 

 Newf. and Hudson Bay. Aug. -Sept. 



Aster nemorihs Blikei Porter. Stems 3-7 dm. high, ascending, leafy from the 

 base; leaves 5-10 cm. long, 10-25 mm. wide, oblong- lanceolate, remotely and sharply 

 dentate, or nearly entire; heads rather few, sometimes solitary. Me., N. H. and north- 

 ern N. Y. Forms resemble the following species. 



59. Aster acuminatus Michx. WHORLED OR MOUNTAIN ASTER. (I. F. f. 

 3789.) Stem pubescent or puberulent, zigzag, corymbosely branched, often leafless 

 below. 3-9 dm. high. Leaves thin, broadly oblong, acuminate at the apex, nar- 

 rowed to a somewhat cuneate sessile base, sharply and coarsely dentate, pinnately 

 veined, glabrous or pubescent above, pubescent at least on the veins beneath, 7-15 

 cm. long, 1-4 cm. wide, often approximate above, and appearing whorled; heads 

 several or numerous, 25-37 mm. broad; involucre nearly hemispheric, its bracts 

 subulate-linear, acuminate, the outer much shorter; rays 12-18. narrow, 12-16 mm. 

 long, white or purplish; pappus soft, fine, nearly white; achenes pubescent. 

 Moist woods, Lab. to Ont., western N. Y., and in the mountains to Ga. July Oct. 



60. Aster ptarmicoides (Nees) T. & G. UPLAND WHITE ASTER. (I. F. f. 

 3790.) Stems tufted, slender, rigid, usually rough above, corymbosely branched 

 near the summit, 3-6 dm. high. Leaves linear-lanceolate, 3-ribbed, entire, or 

 with a few distant teeth, firm, shining, rough-margined or ciliate, sometimes sca- 

 brous, acute, narrowed to a sessile base, or the lower petioled, the lowest and basal 

 ones 7-15 cm. long, 4-8 mm. wide, the upper smaller, those of the branches linear- 

 subulate; heads not numerous, 16-25 mm. broad, terminating the branches of the 

 corymb; involucre nearly hemispheric, 4-6 mm. high, its bracts linear-oblong, ob- 

 tuse, appressed, nearly glabrous, green, imbricated in about 4 series; rays 10-20, 

 snow-white, 6-8 mm. long; pappus white; achenes glabrous. In dry or rocky 

 soil, Mass., VL and Ont., to the N. W. Terr., 111., Mo. and Colo. July-Sept. 



Aster ptarmicoides lute"scens (Hook.) A. Gray. Rays pale yellow, short; involucre 

 narrower. Northern 111. to the N. W. Terr. 



6 1. Aster dumosus L. BUSHY ASTER. RICE-BUTTON ASTER. (I. F. f. 

 3791.) Glabrous or very nearly so throughout, paniculately much branched, 3-9 

 dm. high. Leaves firm, those of the stem linear or linear-lanceolate, entire, acute, 

 or obtusish, 2-7 cm. long, 3-9 mm. wide, roughish-margined, often reflexed, those 

 of the branches very numerous, small and bract-like, the basal ones spatulate, 

 dentate; heads 8-14 mm. broad, terminating the usually divergent slender branches 

 and branchlets, usually numerous; involucre broadly campanulate, its bracts linear- 

 subulate, obtuse or acutish, appressed, imbricated in about 4 series, green-tipped, 

 rays 15-30, white to pale violet, 4 mm. long, pappus white; achenes minutely 

 pubescent. Sandy soil. Me. to western N. Y., Ont., Fla., La. and Mo. Aug.-Oct. 



Aster dumbsus coridifblius (Michx.) T. & G. More rigid and stouter; branchlets 

 elongated; bracts of the involucre coriaceous; leaves of the branches small and numer- 

 ous, very close, divergent. Pine-barrens, Martha's Vineyard to Fla. 



Aster dumbsus strictior T. & G. Stem sparingly branched, the branches ascending, 

 terminated by rather larger heads ; leaves sessile by a broad base, acuminate, mostly 

 quite entire. Swamps, Mass, to N. J., Penn. and Md. 



62. Aster Gravesii Burgess, n.sp. GRAVES' ASTER. Glabrous; stem slender, 

 6 dm. high or more. Stem-leaves oblong-lanceolate, entire, firm, sessile, or the 



