SUGGESTIONS TO THE STUDENT 



The Keys found in this Handbook are designed to be used 

 in the field. There are four general Keys : ( I ) Key to the 

 Wild Plants and Cultivated Trees and Shrubs which flower 

 during March, April, and May, p. 3; (2) Key to the Wild 

 Plants and Cultivated Trees and Shrubs which flower from 

 June to November, p. 27; (3) Key to the Wild and Culti- 

 vated Trees and Shrubs in Autumn, p. 65; (4) Key to the 

 Cultivated Herbs and Potted Shrubs, p. 81. 



To find the name of the plant, you must first decide in 

 which of the four Keys it will be found, depending upon the 

 time of year and whether the plant is cultivated or not. 

 Excepting Key 3 and part of Key 4, it is necessary to have 

 the flowers as well as other parts of the plant which are 

 present at flowering time. Beginning with No. I of the Key 

 selected, consider both a and b and choose the one which fits 

 the specimen ; the number after a or b indicates the next 

 to be considered, e.g., if you are to determine a wild 

 flower found in the spring before June you will turn to Key 

 i, and if it is an herb or herbaceous, then you are directed 

 to 1 62 ; be sure always to turn to the number indicated. By 

 a continued following of the numbers you will be led to the 

 first or generic name of the plant. You are there referred 

 to the page on which will be found the generic and the 

 common name; if there is more than one kind in the genus, 

 use the key there found to determine the species. 



To enable you to pronounce the scientific name correctly 

 the accented vowel is marked, (a) indicates a long sound of 

 the vowel, (a) a short. When you find words and phrases 

 that you do not understand, turn to the Glossary which pre- 



