KEY TO TREES AND SHRUBS IN AUTUMN 



41 a Climbing or trailing shrubs Lonicera. p 215 



b Erect shrubs or small trees 42 



42 a Leaves dark green, smooth; shrubs usually planted 



for hedges Ligustrum. p 199 



b Shrubs not completely as in a 43 



43 a Leaves 1-2 in. long; fruit not in cymes or panicles .... 44 

 b Leaves usually 2 in. or more long 45 



44 a Shrubs 2-4 ft. high ; leaves oval ; fruit sessile or on 



short stalks Symphoricarpos. p 215 



b Shrubs 4-10 ft. high; leaves ovate; fruit on stalks 



Vi in. or more long Lonicera. p2l$ 



45 a Leaves thick, evergreen, usually variegated. .Aucuba. p 194 

 b Leaves not as in a 46 



46 a Small tree with bark usually peeling in small rectangu- 



lar patches, especially in older specimens; fruit of 

 red berries closely clustered; leaves much lighter 



beneath Cornus florida. p 194. 



b Shrubs or small trees not completely as in a 47 



47 a Leaves heart-shaped; cultivated shrub Syringa. p 199 



b Leaves not heart-shaped 48 



48 a Leaves 3-8 in. long, oval or oblong; fruit about i in. 



long, fleshy Chionanthus. p 199 



b Leaves not completely as in a 49 



49 a Leaves usually shining; fruit a nutlet. .. .Fontanesia. P 199 

 b Leaves not usually shining; fruit somewhat fleshy .... 50 



50 a Leaves round-oval, abruptly pointed at apex ; twigs 



usually warty Cornus circinata. p 194 



b Leaves not completely as in a; twigs not usually warty 51 



51 a Leaves oval to obovate; wild shrub. Viburnu m nudum. p 215 

 b Leaves ovate to lanceolate Cornus. p 193 



52 a Fruit black, shining, about % in. in diameter, usually 



3 or 4 in a cluster subtended by leafy bracts 



Rhodotypos. p 164 

 b Fruit wanting or not completely as in a 53 



53 a Branches of shrub with 2-4 broad wings of cork; culti- 



vated shrub Euonymus alatus. p 181 



b Branches not with wings of cork 54 



54 a Fruit a crimson capsule when ripe, enclosing 3-5 seeds 



Euonymus. p 181 



b Fruit wanting or not as in a 55 



55 a Shrub growing in salt marshes; fruit greenish. .Iva. p 221 

 b Shrubs or trees not growing in salt marshes 56 



56 a Leaves woolly or scurfy beneath 57 



b Leaves not woolly or scurfy beneath 59 



57 a Fruit of winged nutlets; shrub sparingly cultivated 



Caryopteris. p 203 

 b Fruit a fleshy drupe 58 



68 



