FAGACEAE (BEECH FAMILY) 



s ALNUS. 



1 a Small twigs and under surface of leaves glaucous, 



whitish HOARY ALDER. (A. incana.) 



b Under surface of leaves green, not glaucous 2 



2 a Native shrub; leaves regularly and finely toothed 



SMOOTH ALDER. (A, rugosa.) 

 b Cultivated tree; leaves irregularly toothed and lobed 



EUROPEAN ALDER. (A. glutinbsa.) 



2 FAGACEAE. Beech Family. 

 i FAGUS. 

 i a Mature leaves not hairy beneath; margin coarsely 



toothed; native tree. .AMERICAN BEECH. (F. grandifblia.) 

 b Mature leaves usually hairy beneath, sometimes reddish, 

 the margin wavy-toothed ; cultivated species 



EUROPEAN BEECH. (F. sylvdtica*) 

 z CASTANEA. 

 i a Native tree; leaves tapering to apex; nuts % in. or 



less broad AMERICAN CHESTNUT. (C. dentata.) 



b Cultivated tree; leaves abruptly pointed at apex; nuts 

 usually i in. or more broad 



EUROPEAN CHESTNUT. (C. satwa.*) 



3 QUfiRCUS. 



1 a Leaves linear-lanceolate with entire margin 



WILLOW OAK. (Q. phellos.) 

 b Leaves more or less lobed 2 



2 a Leaves with the lobes pointed or bristly tipped ; cup 



with smooth scales 3 



b Leaves with the lobes rounded, not with bristly tips; 



cup with rough scales 9 



3 a Shrubs 15 ft. or less high; leaves hairy and whitish 



beneath 4 



b Trees 25 ft. or more high 5 



4 a Leaves with indentations about % way to midrib 



SCRUB OAK. (Q. nana.) 



b Leaves coarsely toothed or with very shallow indenta- 

 tions SCRUB CHESTNUT OAK. ( Q. prinoldes.) 



5 a Leaves conspicuously wedge-shaped with 3-5 short, 



rounded lobes with bristly tips 



BLACK-JACK OAK. (Q. maryldndica.) 

 b Leaves with pointed lobes 6 



6 a Leaves 3-5 in. long; branches horizontal or drooping, 



usually low down on the trunk, the twigs stiff; acorn 



about MJ in. long PIN OAK. (Q. palustris.) 



b Leaves about 4-8 in. long; acorn %-2 in. long 7 



7 a Acorn %-2 in. long, cup usually saucer-shaped enclosing 



%-% of the nut RED OAK. (Q. rilbra.) 



b Acorn about % in. long, cup enclosing about half of nut 8 



H3 



