KEY TO TREES AND SHRUBS IN AUTUMN 



27 a Stems with numerous dark spots or lenticels ; pith of 



stem as thick as the wood Sambucus. p 214 



b Stems not completely as in a 28 



28 a Cultivated tree with light gray, furrowed, corky bark; 



fruit fleshy, globose, black Phellodendron. p 179 



b Trees or shrubs not completely as in a 29 



29 a Leaflets finely and sharply toothed; fruit a drupe 



Sambucus. p 214 

 b Leaflets entire or bluntly toothed; fruit winged 



Fraxinus. p ipS 



Leaves Opposite, Simple 



30 a Leaves with lobed margins 31 



b Leaves with entire or toothed margins, the teeth M 



in. or less long 33 



31 a Trees, rarely shrubs; fruit wanting, or present and 



winged Acer, p 182 



b Shrubs 2-12 ft. high; fruit somewhat fleshy, usually 



present 32 



32 a Leaves deeply 3-lobed toward the apex; usually culti- 



vated shrub Viburnum opulis. p 215 



b Leaves variable, usually rather shallow lobed toward 



the apex; native species ....Viburnum acerifolium. p 215 



33 a Leaves with entire or wavy margins 34 



b Leaves with more or less toothed margins 52 



34 a Shrub 5-10 in. high, spreading on the ground; leaves 



sessile, dotted Ascyrum. p 186 



b Trees or shrubs i ft. or more high, not completely as 



in a 35 



35 a Trees with broadly ovate or heart-shaped leaves 5-12 



in. long 36 



b Shrubs or small trees with leaves usually less than 5 



in- long 37 



36 a Fruit of long pods 6 in. or more long Catalpa. p 212 



b Fruit of short capsules 1-2 in. long Paulotvnia. p 210 



37 a Leaves scurfy with star-shaped hairs at least on the 



under side; fruit drupe-like Lepargyraea. p 189 



b Leaves not as in a 38 



38 a Small tree, more usually planted in tubs; leaves 3-8 



in. long, usually in whorls of 3 Nerium. p 200 



b Shrubs or trees not completely as in a 39 



39 a Fruit usually present, globose, 1-2 in. in diameter, on 



stalks 1-2 in. long Cephalanthus. p 213 



b Fruit wanting or not completely as in a 40 



40 a Leaves usually i in. or less long, % in. or less broad, 



blunt at apex; twigs 4-sided Buxus. p 181 



b Leaves usually i in. or more long 41 



67 



4 



