DIPSACEAE. 



VOL. III. 



i. Scabiosa arvensis L. Field Scabious. 

 Fig. 4008. 



Scabiosa arvensis L. Sp. PI. 99. 1753. 

 Knaittia arvensis T. Coult. Dips. 29. 1823. 



Perennial, pubescent, simple or little branched. 

 i-3 high. Basal and lower leaves petioled, lan- 

 seolate, acute or acuminate, entire, lobed, or pin- 

 natifid, 3'-8' long; upper leaves sessile, often 

 deeply pinnatifid ; heads long-peduncled, depressed- 

 globose, i'-ij' broad; flowers lilac purple, about 

 6" long; receptacle depressed-hemispheric, not 

 scaly, covered with hairs between the flowers ; 

 achene angled, crowned with the 8 or 10 linear- 

 subulate calyx-teeth. 



In cultivated fields and waste places, Quebec to 

 Massachusetts, Vermont, New York and Pennsyl- 

 vania. Adventive from Europe. Other English 

 names are blue buttons, blue caps, gypsy- or egyptian- 

 rose, pincushion. June-Sept. 



3. SUCCISA (Vaill.) Moench. Meth. 488. 1794. 



Herbs, similar to Scabiosa, with opposite leaves, the flowers in long-peduncled heads, 

 subtended by a several-many-leaved involucre. Scales of the receptacle herbaceous or capil- 

 lary. Involucels grooved, the margins 4-lobed or 4-toothed. Calyx-limb 5-toothed or 5-awned. 

 Corolla oblique, 4-5-lobed. Stamens 4. Achene crowned with the persistent calyx. [From 

 the Latin, to bite off, the rootstock in some species being short and blunt.] 



About 4 species, mostly natives of southern Europe. Type species Scabiosa Succisa L. 



i. Succisa australis (Wulf.) Reichenb. Southern Scabious. Fig. 4009. 



Scabiosa australis Wulf. in Roem. Arch. 3 : Part 3, 



316. 1803. 

 Succisa australis Reichenb. Fl. Germ. Excurs. 196. 



1830. 



Perennial, puberulent or pubescent, at least 

 above ; stem slender, branched, ii-3 high. Basal 

 leaves oblanceolate to oblong, mostly obtuse, ^'-12 

 long, the petiole often as long as the blade or 

 longer ; stem leaves distant, lanceolate or oblong- 

 lanceolate, entire, or toothed, short-petioled, or 

 the upper sessile, acute or acuminate; heads of 

 pale blue-purple flowers long-peduncled, rather 

 less than i' in diameter, oblong-ovoid in fruit; 

 receptacle scaly, the scales about as long as the 

 glabrous, 8-ribbed involucels or longer; calyx 5- 

 toothed ; achene crowned with 5 calyx-teeth. 



Fields and meadows. Naturalized from Europe in 

 Pennsylvania, central New York and Massachusetts. 

 Pincushion-flower. Summer. 



Succisa Succisa (L.) Britton (Succisa pratensis 

 Moench ; Scabiosa Succisa L.) with villous 4-angled 

 involucels, the calyx-limb s-awned, has been found in fields at Louisburg, Cape Breton Island. 



Family 41. CUCURBITACEAE B. Juss. Hort. Trian. 



GOURD FAMILY. 



1759- 



Climbing or trailing, herbaceous vines, usually with tendrils. Leaves alternate, 

 petioled, generally palmately lobed or dissected. Flowers solitary or racemose, 

 monoecious or dioecious. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, its limb campanulate 

 or tubular, usually 5-lobed, the lobes imbricated. Petals usually 5, inserted on 

 the limb of the calyx, separate, or united into a gamopetalous corolla. Stamens 

 mostly 3 (sometimes i), 2 of them with 2-celled anthers, the other with a i-celled 

 anther; filaments short, often somewhat monadelphous. Ovary i-3-celled; style 



