COMPOSITAE. 



VOL. III. 



i. Solidago squarrosa Muhl. Stout 

 Ragged Golden-rod. Fig. 4213. 



Solidago squarrosa Muhl. Cat. 76. 1813. 



Stem stout, simple, or rarely branched above, 

 glabrous or puberulent, 2-5 high. Upper 

 leaves oblong, acute, entire or nearly so, ses- 

 sile; lower and basal leaves obovate, oval, or 

 broadly spatulate, acute or obtuse, 4'-io' long, 

 i '-3' wide, sharply dentate, often narrowed 

 into a margined petiole, all glabrous, or some- 

 times slightly pubescent; heads 15-25-flow- 

 ered, 4"-s" high, numerous in a terminal nar- 

 row often leafy thyrsus sometimes 12' in 

 length; rays 10-16, showy, 2"-3" long; tips of 

 the involucral bracts green, acute or obtuse, 

 rarely some of them erect, all usually strongly 

 recurved, giving the heads a ragged appear- 

 ance; achenes glabrous. 



In rocky soil, New Brunswick to Ontario, North 

 Carolina and Ohio. Ascends to 2000 ft. in the 

 Catskills. Lower branches of the inflorescence 

 sometimes elongated. Aug.-Oct. 



2. Solidago petiolaris Ait. Downy Ragged 

 Golden-rod. Fig. 4214. 



Solidago petiolaris Ait. Hort. Kew. 3: 216. 1789. 

 Solidago Wardii Britton, Man. 935. 1901. 



Stem rather slender, pubescent or puberulent, i-3 

 high, simple, or branched above. Leaves sessile, or 

 very short-petioled, oblong to oval, acute, obtuse or 

 mucronate, entire or dentate, i'-3' long, rough or ciliate 

 on the margins, often silvery-pubescent; heads 3"-4" 

 high, in a terminal narrow more or less compound 

 thyrsus; involucral bracts pubescent, with green acute 

 to acuminate tips, the outer spreading, the inner ap- 

 pressed ; achenes glabrous or nearly so. 



In dry soil, Illinois to Kansas and Texas, east to North 

 Carolina and Florida. Races differ in pubescence and in 

 leaf-form and leaf-serration. Sept.-Oct. 



3. Solidago caesia L. Blue-stemmed 

 or Wreath Golden-rod. Fig. 4215. 



Solidago caesia L. Sp. PI. 879. 1753. 

 S. gracilis Poir. in Lam. Encycl. 8: 476. 1808. 

 S. axillaris Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 542. 1814. 

 5". caesia axillaris A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 17 : 

 189. 1882. 



Stem glabrous, slender, often glaucous, 

 usually bluish or purple, branched or sim- 

 ple, terete, i-3 high. Leaves lanceolate or 

 oblong-lanceolate, sessile, acuminate at the 

 apex, narrowed at the base, glabrous, sharply 

 serrate, 2' -5' long, 3"-! 5" wide; heads 2"-3" 

 high, in axillary clusters or racemes, or oc- 

 casionally with some in a short terminal 

 thyrsus; bracts of the involucre obtuse, ap- 

 pressed ; achenes pubescent. 



Woods and thickets, Nova Scotia to Ontario, 

 Minnesota, Florida, Arkansas and Texas. Con- 

 sists of several slightly differing races. Wood- 

 land golden-rod. Aug.-Oct. 



