GENUS 23. 



MINT FAMILY. 



7. Salvia Sclarea L. Clary. Clear-eye. 

 See-bright. Fig. 3635. 



Salvia Sclarea L. Sp. PI. 27. 1753. 



Biennial or annual, glandular-pubescent; stem 

 stout, erect, 2-3i high. Leaves broadly ovate, 

 rugose, acute or obtuse at the apex, cordate at the 

 base, irregularly denticulate, the lower long-peti- 

 oled, 6'-8' long, the upper small, short-petioled 

 or sessile; clusters several-flowered, numerous in 

 terminal spikes ; bracts broad, ovate, acuminate, 

 commonly longer than the calyx, pink or white; 

 calyx campanulate, deflexed-spreading in fruit, 

 4"-5" long, its lips about equal, the teeth all subu- 

 late-acicular ; corolla blue and white, about i' 

 long; upper lip arched, laterally compressed, 

 longer than the lower one. 



In fields, Pennsylvania to South Carolina, escaped 

 from gardens. Naturalized from Europe. The 

 mucilage of the seeds used to clear specks from the 

 eye. June Aug. 



24. MONARDA L. Sp. PI. 22. 1753. 



Perennial or annual erect aromatic herbs, with dentate or serrate leaves, and rather 

 large white red purple yellowish or mottled flowers, in dense capitate clusters, mostly bracteate 

 and bracteolate, terminal and sometimes also axillary, the bracts sometimes brightly colored. 

 Calyx tubular, narrow, 15-nerved, nearly or quite equally 5-toothed, mostly villous in the 

 throat. Corolla glabrous within, usually puberulent or glandular without, the tube slightly 

 dilated above, the limb 2-lipped ; upper lip erect or arched, emarginate or entire; lower lip 

 spreading, 3-lobed, the middle lobe larger or longer than the others. Anther-bearing stamens 

 2, ascending, usually exserted, the posterior pair (staminodia) rudimentary or wanting; 

 anthers linear, versatile, 2-celled, the sacs divaricate, more or less confluent at the base. 

 Ovary deeply 4-parted; style 2-cleft at the apex; nutlets ovoid, smooth. [In honor of Nicolas 

 Monardes, a Spanish physician and botanist of the sixteenth century.] 



About 12 species, natives of North America and Mexico. Type species: Monarda fistulosa L. 

 Flower-clusters solitary, terminal (rarely also in the uppermost axils) ; stamens exserted. 

 Leaves manifestly petioled, the petioles commonly slender. 

 Corolla scarlet, ij^'-a' long; bracts red. 

 Corolla white, pink, or purple, i'-ij4' long. 



Leaves membranous; corolla slightly pubescent, io"-i2" long. 

 Leaves thin or firm; corolla pubescent, i'-ij^' long. 

 Pubescence spreading ; leaves thin. 



Corolla cream-color, pink, or purplish. 

 Corolla or bracts deep purple or purple-red. 

 Pubescence short, canescent ; leaves firm, pale. 

 Leaves sessile, or very short-petioled. 



Flower-clusters both axillary and terminal ; stamens not exserted. 

 Calyx-teeth triangular; corolla yellowish, mottled. 

 Calyx-teeth subulate-aristate ; corolla white or purple, not mottled. 

 Bracts lanceolate, gradually acuminate. 

 Bracts oblong to oval, not acuminate. 



1. M. didyma. 



2. M. clinopodia. 



3. M. fistulosa. 



4. M . media. 



5. M. nwllis. 



6. M. Bradburiana. 



7. M . punctata. 



8. M. pectinata. 

 g. M. dispersa. 



i. Monarda didyma L. Oswego Tea. 

 American Bee Balm. Fig. 3636. 



Monarda didyma L. Sp. PI. 22. 1753- 



Perennial; stem stout, villpus-pubescent, or 

 glabrate, 2-3 high. Leaves thin, ovate or ovate- 

 lanceolate, petioled, dark green, usually pubescent 

 beneath, hairy above, acuminate at apex, rounded 

 or narrowed at the base, sharply serrate, 3'-6' 

 long, i '-3' wide; lower petioles often i' long; 

 flower-clusters almost always solitary, terminal ; 

 bracts commonly red ; calyx glabrous without, 

 glabrous or slightly hirsute in the throat, its teeth 

 subulate, nearly erect, about as long as the diam- 

 eter of the tube; corolla scarlet, i$'-2' long, 

 puberulent; stamens exserted. 



In moist soil, especially along streams, Quebec to 

 Ontario and Michigan, south to Georgia and Ten- 

 nessee. Ascends to 5200 ft. in North Carolina. Red, 

 low or fragrant balm. Horse- or mountain-mint. In- 

 dian's-plume. July-Sept. 



