474 



COMPOSITAE. 



VOL. III. 



Achenes short, flattened, sharp-margined, or winged, at length deciduous with the chaff. 

 Pappus with i or 2 teeth, or none. [Name unexplained.] 



About 4 species, natives of North America. Type species : Rudbeckia columnaris Sims. 



Style-tips lanceolate-subulate; leaf-segments lanceolate; rays i'-3' long. i. R. pinnata. 

 Style-tips short, blunt; leaf-segments linear, rays 3" 15" long. 



Disk cylindric, at length i' long or more; rays mostly as long, or longer. 2. R. columnaris. 



Disk globose to short-oblong, about y 2 ' high; rays mostly short. 3. R. Tagetes. 



i. Ratibida pinnata (Vent.) Barnhart. Gray-headed Cone-flower. Fig. 4453. 



Rudbeckia pinnata Vent. Hort. Cels. pi. 71. 1800. 

 Lepachys pinnata T. & G. Fl. N. A. 2 : 314. 1842. 

 Ratibida pinnata Barnhart, Bull. Torr. Club 24: 410. 

 1897. 



Rough and strigose-pubescent throughout ; stem 

 branched or simple, 3-5 high. Leaves pin- 

 nately 3~7-divided, the basal ones sometimes 10' 

 long, petioled, the segments lanceolate, dentate, 

 cleft or entire, acute .or acuminate; upper leaves 

 sessile or nearly so, the uppermost commonly 

 small and entire; bracts of the involucre linear 

 or linear-oblong, short, reflexed; rays 4-10, yel- 

 low, i'-3' long, 3"-9" wide, drooping; style-tips 

 lance-subulate ; disk oblong, gray or becoming 

 brown, rounded, at length twice as long as thick; 

 chaff of the receptacle canescent at the summit; 

 achenes compressed, acutely margined, the inner 

 margin produced into a short tooth. 



On dry prairies, Ontario and western New York to 

 Florida, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas and Louisi- 

 ana. Adventive eastward to Massachusetts. June- 

 Sept. 



2. Ratibida columnaris (Sims) D. Don. Long-headed or Prairie Cone-flower. 



Fig. 4454- 



Rudbeckia columnaris Sims, Bot. Mag. pi. 1601. 1813. 

 Ratibida columnaris D. Don ; Sweet, Brit. Fl. Card. 2 : 



361. 1838. 



Lepachys columnaris T. & G. Fl. N. A. 2 : 313. 1842. 

 Lepachys columnaris var. pulcherrima T. & G. loc. cit. 



1842. 



Strigose-pubescent and scabrous; stem slender, 

 usually branched, i-2^ high. Leaves thick, pin- 

 nately divided into linear or linear-oblong, acute or 

 obtuse, entire dentate or cleft segments, the cauline 

 short-petioled or sessile, 2'-^' long, the basal ones 

 sometimes oblong, obtuse and undivided, slender- 

 petioled; bracts of the involucre short, linear-lan- 

 ceolate or subulate, reflexed ; rays 4-10, yellow, 

 brown at the base, or brown all over, 4"-! 5" long, 

 drooping; disk gray, elongated-conic or cylindric, 

 blunt, at length 3 or 4 times as long as thick ; chaff 

 of the receptacle canescent at the apex ; achenes 

 scarious-margined or narrowly winged on the inner 

 side ; pappus of i or 2 subulate teeth usually with 

 several short intermediate scales. 



On dry prairies, Minnesota to Assiniboia, British Co- 

 lumbia, Montana, Nebraska, Texas, Mexico and Ari- 

 zona. Also in Tennessee. Brush. May-Aug. 



