COMPOSITAE. 



VOL. III. 



rather broad, the outer connate at base. Receptacle flat, convex or conic. Ray-flowers fertile, 

 the rays short and broad, 3-lobed. Disk-flowers perfect, fertile, with 5 short lobes. Anthers 



notched at the base, with rounded auricles. Style- 

 branches truncate and penicillate. Achenes turbi- 

 nate, pubescent. Pappus of 5-8 acuminate or aristate 

 hyaline scales. [Greek, referring to the thin and 

 pointed pappus scales.] 



Type species : Hymenopappus anthemoides Juss. 



i. Hymenoxys odorata DC. Limonillo. 

 Fig- 4541- 



Hymenoxys odorata DC. Prodr. 5: 661. 1836. 

 Actinella odora a A. Gray, Mem. Am. Acad. (II) 4: 101. 



1849. 

 Picradenia odorata Britton, in Britt. & Brown, 111. Fl. 3 : 



449. 1898. 

 Philozera multiflora Buckl. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1861 : 459. 



1862. 

 H. multiflora Rydb. Bull. Torr. Club 33: 157. 1906. 



Annual ; stem much branched, puberulent, spar- 

 ingly hirsute or glabrous, i-2 high, leafy. Leaves 

 I '-2' long, i-3-parted into filiform, entire, somewhat 

 pubescent segments about \" wide; heads commonly 

 numerous, 6'-io" broad; involucre campanulate, pu- 

 berulent, its outer bracts 6-9, lanceolate, keeled, 

 acute, united at the base ; rays 7-10, cuneate. 



In dry soil, Kansas and Colorado to Texas, Mexico 

 and southern California. April-July. 



V 



84. HELENIUM L. Sp. PI. 886. 1753. 



Erect, mostly branching herbs, with alternate, mainly decurrent, punctate bitter entire or 

 dentate leaves, and large peduncled heads of both tubular and radiate, yellow or brownish- 

 yellow flowers, or rays sometimes wanting. Involucre broad and short, its bracts in I or 2 

 series, linear or subulate, reflexed or spreading. Receptacle convex, subglobose or oblong, 

 naked. Ray-flowers pistillate and fertile, or neutral, the rays cuneate, 3-5-lobed. Disk- 

 flowers perfect, fertile, their corollas 4-5-toothed, the teeth glandular-pubescent. Anthers 

 2-toothed or sagittate at the base. Style-branches of the disk-flowers dilated and truncate at 

 the apex. Achenes turbinate, ribbed. Pappus of 5-8 entire, dentate or incised, acuminate 

 or aristate scales. [The Greek name of some plant, from Helenus or Helena.] 



About 24 species, natives of North and Central America. In addition to the following, some 18 

 others occur in the southern and southwestern United States. Type species : Helenium autumnale L. 



Leaves oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, dentate ; rays fertile ; disk yellow. i. H. autumnale. 

 Leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, mainly entire; rays neutral ; disk purple. 2. H. nudiflorum. 

 Leaves all linear-filiform, entire ; rays fertile. 3- H. tenuifolium. 



i. Helenium autumnale L. False or 

 Swamp Sunflower. Fig. 4542. 



Helenium autumnale L. Sp. PI. 886. 1753. 

 Helenium pubescens Ait. Hort. Kew. 3 : 287. 1789. 

 Helenium antumnale pubescens Britton, Mem. 

 Torr. Club 5: 339. 1894. 



Perennial ; stem puberulent or glabrous, 

 rather stout, narrowly winged by the decur- 

 rent bases of the leaves, corymbosely branched 

 above, 2-6 high. Leaves firm, oblong, lan- 

 ceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate or acute 

 at apex, narrowed to the sessile base, pinnately 

 few-veined, 2'-$' long, i'-2 r wide, dentate, den- 

 ticulate or entire, puberulent, glabrous or pu- 

 bescent, bright green; heads numerous, i'-2 r 

 broad, borne on long puberulent peduncles ; 

 bracts of the flattish involucre densely canes- 

 cent ; rays 10-18, drooping, bright yellow, 

 equalling or longer than the globose yellow 

 disk, pistillate and fertile, 3-cleft ; achenes pu- 

 bescent on the angles; pappus scales ovate. 



In swamps and wet meadows, Quebec to Flor- 

 ida, Manitoba, Oregon, Nevada and Arizona. Yel- 

 low-star. Ox-eye. Sneezeweed. Ascends to 2600 ft. 

 in Virginia. Aug.-Oct. 



