ORDER 70. COMPOSITE. 177 



per often alternate, mostly tripli-veined. Rays yellow ; disk yellow or pur- 

 pie : in late Summer and Autumn. Figs. 74, 261, 433-4. 



HELIANTHELLA (T. & G.) Pap. persistent. Lvs. scattered, 1-veined Nos. 24, 25 



$ HELIANTHVS projxr. Pappus deciduous. Lower leaves opposite. . .(*) 



* Disk (its corollas and pales) dark purple, mostly convex. . .(a) 



a Herbs annual. Leaves chiefly alternate Nos. 1, 2 



a Herbs perennial. Leaves opposite. e Scales acuminate Nos. 3 5 



Sc. obtuse or barely acute. .Nos. G, 7 



* Disk (its corollas and pales) yellow., .(b) 



b Leaves chiefly alternate and feather-veined Nos. 8 11 



b Leaves chiefly opposite and 3- veined or tripli-veined.. .(c) 



c Scales erect, closely imbricated./ Plants green, rough No*. 12, 13 



/ Plants whitish, downy .. .Nos. 14, 15 

 c Scales loosely spreading. Heads large, 9-15-rayed.. .(ct) 



d Scales lance-linear, longer than disk. Leaves thin Nos. 16, 17 



d Scalec ^nee-ovate, as long as the disk. Leaves thick. . .Nos. 1821 

 c Scales looseiy spreading. Heads small, 5-8-rayed Nos. 22, 23 



1 H. ami mis L. Great Sunflower. Erect, stout ; Ivs. all cordate, only the lowest op- 



posite ; hds. very large (G 120, nodding ; fr. glabrous. Gardens and fields. 2 lOf. S. 

 America. A variety with the flowers all ligulate is sometimes found in gardens. 



2 H. tie bills N. Decumbent, slender; leaves mostly alternate, ovate, serrulate, pctio- 



late ; hds. small ; scales with slender points ; fr. pubescent. Shores, E. Fla. to La. l-2f. 



3 H. Iladula T. & G. Hirsute, simple, bearing a single head ; Ivs. roundish-obovate 



or ovate, obtuse ; scales and pales lanceolate, acuminate, erect ; rays 7 10, rarely 0. 

 U Barrens, Ga. Fla. Ala. 1 3f. Often growing in clusters. Hds. near V. Aug. Sept. 



4 H. lieteroplif llus N. Slightly hispid, slender, bearing a single head ; Ivs. entire, 



the lower oval, upper linear-lanceolate : scales acuminate, erect, ciliate ; pales acute : 

 rays 1213. v S. 1 2f. Heads 6" diam., rays spreading 2$'. Aug. Sept. 



5 H. aiigustlfolliis L. Erect, slender, scabrous or hispid ; Ivs. lance-liflear, taper- 



ing to a long point, 1-veined, rigid; heads few; scales lance-linear, the long point 

 spreading ; pales linear, 3-toothed. Dry soils. N. J., Ky. and S. 2 3f. Aug. Oct. 



6 H. rigldus Dcsf. Rigid, subsimple : Ivs. lanceolate, pointed, rongh both sides ; hds. 



few ; scales ovate, acute, short ; rays 1220. Prairies, Wis. Mo. to La. 2 3f. 



7 H. atrortifoeiis L. Ped. few, long, leafless ; st. hirsute below; Ivs. ovate or oval, 



obtusish, on winged petioles ; sc. oblong, obtuse, 3-veined. Dry soils. S. 2 4f. 



8 H. glganteus L. Rough or hairy ; Ivs. lanceolate, serrate, pointed, on ciliate, wing- 



ed petioles ; scales lancc-Hncar, ciliate ; rays 12 20 ; pappus of 2 short, fringed scales 

 Can. to Car. and Ky. 4 lOf. Varies with the leaves mostly opposite. 



9 H. tomeiitostts MX. Stout, pubescent, branched ; Ivs. ovate to long-lanceolate, 



acuminate, subentire, the lower petlolatc ; scales long-pointed, villous, spreading ; 

 pales hairy and 3-toothcd at top. Dry hills, 111. to Ga. 4 Sf. Rays 15". 



10 H. grossc-serratus Martens. St. smooth and glaucous ; Ivs. lanceolate or lance- 

 ovate, long-acuminate, sharply serrate, downy beneath, on winged stalks ; scales 

 loose, subulate, as long as the disk ; rays 1520. W. and S. 4 6f. 



11 H. tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke. Root bearing oblong tubers ; Ivs. cordate- 

 ovate to ovate, acuminate ; petioles ciliate. Fields, hedge?. 4f. Brazil. 



12 H. lastlflorus Pers. St. branched above; Ivs. thick, lance-oval, pointed, serrate, 

 on short stalks ; scales ovate-lanceolate ; rays 1220, 2'. Woods, W. and S-W. 3 4f. 



13 H. occidental!* Riddcll. Slender, simple, nearly naked above; Ivs. oval, sub- 

 serrate, on long hairy petioles; hds. 15, small ; scale? lance-oval. Sandy. W. 3f. 



] 4 II. mollls Lam. Caneccent-tomcntous, subsimple ; Ivs. ovate, sessile, cordate- 

 claspinr, acuminate; sc. lanceolate ; palest entire, acute; rays 15 25. O. to Mo. 2 4f. 



1U H. ciiiereiis, /3. SttllfviftitH (T. & G.) Cinereous-pubescent: stem virgate, 

 branched above ; Ivs. ovate-oblong, narrowed to the sessile base, the lower to a winged 

 petiole; pales pointed, with 2 lateral teeth : rays about 20. Ohio. 2-3f. 



12 



